
Fig. 3. Triggering Ca2+ sparks by T-type VOCCs or Ins(1,4,5)P3Rs. This figure illustrates the activation of spontaneous Ca2+ sparks by T-type VOCCs in primary cardiac pacemaker cells and Ins(1,4,5)P3Rs in atrial cells. RyRs and Ins(1,4,5)P3Rs are coloured orange and blue, respectively. The Na+/Ca2+ exchanger is green.