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Fig. 9. The morphological effect of Myr-Chat is suppressed by co-expression of dominant-negative mutant of Cas, Crk, C3G or Rap1. NIH 3T3 cells were transfected with pIRES-EGFP (EGFP) or pIRES-EGFP-Myr-Chat (Myr-Chat) together with a plasmid expressing a mutant of Cas (Myr+Cas {Delta}SD), Crk (Myr+Crk W169L), C3G (Myr+C3G dCD) or Rap1 (Myr+N17 Rap1). Analyses of cell morphology and cell area of transfected cells were performed as in Fig. 8 (EGFP, n=66, MED=1118.3 µm2; Myr-Chat, n=57, MED=1699.7 µm2; Myr+Cas {Delta}SD, n=57, MED=1089.4 µm2; Myr+Crk W169L, n=58, MED=1068.6 µm2; Myr+C3G dCD, n=57, MED=864.9 µm2; Myr+N17 Rap1, n=65, MED=1063.5 µm2). Expression of Myr-Chat increased the population of cells with protrusions and branched shape, which caused a cell area value increase. Co-expression of Cas {Delta}SD, Crk W169L, C3G dCD or N17 Rap1 suppressed the cell-shape-converting effect of Myr-Chat. Bar, 10 µm.