Fig. 11. SEM images of cells cultured on patterns with 400 nm pitch. (A) Cell aligned along nanostructured substrate. (B) Cross-sectional image of cell patterned substrate. (C) Filopodia extend along the top of ridges and bottom of grooves. Lamellipodia protrude into the grooves at the cell edge along the topographic patterns (bottom left) but bridge the grooves at the leading edge of the cell.