Fig. 4. Activation of PI-3K and MAPK are necessary and sufficient to induce keratinocyte shape changes. Histograms show size distribution of 200 keratinocytes per sample. (A) Keratinocytes plated in the presence of 100 ng ml^-1 IGF-1 and pretreated with 25 µM LY294002 (grey bars) or the vehicle control 0.1% DMSO (black bars). (B) Keratinocytes infected with rCD2p110 (grey bars) or empty vector neo (black bars) plated in the absence of growth factors. (C) Keratinocytes stimulated with 10 ng ml^-1 EGF and pretreated with 10 µM PD98059 (grey bars) or the vehicle control 0.1% DMSO (black bars). (D) Keratinocytes infected with MAPKK1 (grey bars) or empty vector puro (black bars) in the absence of growth factors.