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Fig. 4. Effect of Ca2+-free seawater (CaFSW) on sperm-induced Ca2+ changes. The oocyte where 10 kDa (A) or 70 kDa CGD (B) was injected into the cytoplasm was inseminated in FSW, which was replaced by CaFSW at 4 minutes after fertilization. The F/F0 values were calculated in the cytoplasmic and nuclear regions separately. The steep increase in F/F0 (arrowhead in B) indicates the leakage of 70 kDa CGD through the nuclear envelope. The two oocytes underwent GVBD on schedule.