Fig. 2. The N-terminus of inner envelope protein 32 (IEP32) is essential for targeting to chloroplasts. (A) The N-proximal 50 amino acids of IEP32 (GenBank accession no. AY488758) are shown in addition to the four deletion mutants. (B) Progressive N-terminal deletions of IEP32 were synthesized in vitro as radiolabelled preproteins, missing the first 10 (lanes 4-6), 20 (lanes 7-9), 30 (lanes 10-12) and 40 amino acids (lanes 13-15), respectively. Import and analysis conditions were as outlined in Fig. 1A.