Fig. 5. The NHD is essential for plasma membrane translocation. A431 cells expressing the indicated GFP-fusion protein were treated with either 1 µM PMA or with DMSO alone for 30 minutes at 37°C. Cells were fixed and analysed by confocal microscopy. The fusion proteins lacking the NHD failed to translocate to the plasma membrane in cells stimulated with PMA. Scale bar, 10 µm.