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Fig. 3. High glucose and peroxynitrite inactivate VEGF pro-survival via alteration of Akt-1/P38 MAP kinase activation. (A) High glucose (HG) and peroxynitrite (PN) significantly decreased phosphorylation of Akt-1 compared to normal glucose (NG) even in the presence of exogenous VEGF (40 mg/ml). (*P<0.05 compared to NG.) (B) High glucose (HG) and peroxynitrite (PN) significantly increased phosphorylation of p38 MAP kinase in basal or VEGF (40 mg/ml)-stimulated conditions. FeTPPS (2.5 µM) a specific peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst blocked the increases in p38 MAP kinase phosphorylation in both basal and VEGF stimulated conditions. Identical results were obtained in another two experiments. (*P<0.05 compared to NG, {dagger}P<0.05 compared to HG.)