Fig. 5. Structural requirements of paracellin-1 function. (A) Mutations in paracellin-1. Yellow dots, negatively charged amino acids; red dots, mutations found in patients having FHHNC. (B) and (D) Effects of paracellin-1 and its mutants upon dilution potential across LLC-PK1 cell monolayers. (C and E) Effects of paracellin-1 and its mutants upon the ratio of PNa to PCl (correlated to the values of diffusion potential in B and D respectively). *P<0.001 and **P<0.01 compared to ratio in the WT.