Fig. 2. ß-Adrenergic agonists attenuate keratinocyte galvanotaxis at low concentrations but have no effect on migration rate. Circle graphs (radius 120 µm) were plotted to represent the translocation of keratinocytes after 1 hour in an applied DC EF of 100 mV mm^–1 in the presence of increasing concentrations of ß-adrenergic agonist (A). The average track cosine for each 10 minute time period was plotted against time for untreated and 0.1 nM ß-adrenergic-agonist-treated cells in the presence of an EF (B). The migration rate and cosine of the migration angle [cos()] for control and ß-adrenergic-agonist-treated cells (0.1 pM, 0.1 nM, 0.1 µM) were measured after 1 hour in the presence of an applied DC EF. Solid bars (left) represent migration rate, striped bars (right) represent directionality [cos()]. Field control, n=132; 0.1 pM ß-agonist, n=100; 0.1 nM ß-agonist, n=137; 0.1 µM ß-agonist, n=66. The data shown are combined from three independent experiments on two separate cell strains. Error bars indicate s.e.m. *P<0.01.