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Figure 1


Fig. 1. Reprogramming human B-lymphocytes in mouse C2C12 heterokaryons. (A) Protocol used to generate interspecies (hBxC2) heterokaryons. Mouse C2C12 myoblasts were differentiated into myotubes and fused with human B lymphocytes (hB). Mouse and human nuclei were distinguished by FISH with probes specific for mouse {gamma}-satellite DNA (red) or human {alpha}-satellite DNA (green), or by DAPI staining (blue). (B) Confocal image of hB nuclei before fusion. (C) Confocal images of a myotube containing a human (arrow) and a mouse nucleus. (D) Confocal section of a reprogrammed heterokaryon identified by hNCAM expression (5.1H11 antibody, red). One mouse (DAPI intense foci) and one human (arrows) nucleus are seen. Bars, 10 µm. (E) Expression-kinetics of human NCAM (detected by 5.1H11 antibody) by lymphocyte-derived nuclei (mean ± s.d., n=3, 50 nuclei per experiment).