Fig. 1. FRAP analyses of GFP-SR45. (A-D) Nuclei of root epidermal cells expressing GFP-SR45 or GFP alone were imaged before bleaching. A nucleoplasmic area (indicated by a circle) or a speckle (indicated by an arrow) were bleached and, following bleaching, images were taken for 60 seconds during recovery. Confocal images of a (A) nucleoplasmic area and (B) speckles before and after bleaching. (C) Images of fixed GFP-SR45, indicating no recovery of fluorescence. (D) Images of GFP alone; bleaching of the indicated area does not result in a well-defined bleached zone, indicating the extremely fast mobility of GFP alone. Time is given in seconds (A-C) or milliseconds (D). Bars, 5 µm. The entire dataset of images of A-D is animated in Movie 1, supplementary material. (E) Recovery kinetics of nucleoplasmic areas, speckles and fixed cells of GFP-SR45, and GFP alone. Data were normalized as described in Materials and Methods. Error bars are ± s.e.m.