Fig. 2. Effects of modulators of cytoskeletal prestress and focal adhesion assembly on the immediate viscoelastic response of individual magnetic beads bound to surface integrin receptors. A 3-second force (130 or 350 pN) pulse induced less displacement when applied to RGD-beads bound to integrins on control cells compared with cells treated immediately prior to force application with BDM, Y27, C3 transferase, PP2 or gadolinium. Data represent the mean ± s.e.m.; ^*P<0.05 compared with levels in the control.