Fig. 1. (a,b) Tube lengths with and without probes were compared. Probes do not significantly influence tube length. x axis shows time in minutes (m). (c) Percentage of stained vesicles in the tips of pollen tubes incubated with negatively or positively charged nanogold. (d) Pollen tube growth in the presence of Ika (yellow bars) was compared with tubes grown in control medium (dark-purple bars) or in medium containing the Ika solvent (DMSO) (light-purple bars). Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals (n=100-140).