Fig. 6. ATR is the principal kinase for the NER-dependent H2AX phosphorylation. (A,B) MSU-2 or GM18366 (ATR-Seckel syndrome) cells under growth-arrested conditions were exposed to 10 J/m2 UV and incubated for 4 hours (A), or treated with 40 µg/mL etoposide for 1 hour (B), and stained with anti-
-H2AX antibody. (C,D) MSU-2 or XP2BI cells under growtharrested conditions were exposed to local UV (40 J/m2), and incubated for 1 hour in the presence or absence of 100 µM Ara-C before staining with anti-RPA2 (p34) antibody (C) or incubated for 1 hour with 100 µM Ara-C before doublestaining with anti-ATRIP and anti-CPD antibodies (D).