Fig. 1. Glucolipotoxicity in rat β-cells. INS-1E cells (A) and rat primary β-cells (B) were cultured for 72 hours in the presence or absence of oleate (0.5 mM, gray bars), palmitate (0.5 mM, black bars) or an equimolar combination of oleate and palmitate (0.25 mM each, hatched bars) at glucose concentrations (G, shown in mM) as indicated. The results are the means ± s.e.m. of 7-15 independent experiments. ^**P<0.01, ^***P<0.001 vs respective glucose control (i.e. not exposed to FFA and cultured at the same glucose concentration); l, P<0.05 vs low glucose (5.6 or 6.1 mM); m, P<0.05 vs medium glucose (10 or 11 mM).