|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Home Help Feedback Subscriptions Archive Search Table of Contents | |||||
Journal of Cell Science, Vol 108, Issue 3 985-1002, Copyright © 1995 by Company of Biologists
JOURNAL ARTICLES |
M Shah, DM Foreman and MW Ferguson
Cells, Immunology and Development Division, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, UK.
Exogenous addition of neutralising antibody to transforming growth factor-beta 1,2 to cutaneous wounds in adult rodents reduces scarring. Three isoforms of transforming growth factor-beta (1, 2 and 3) have been identified in mammals. We investigated the isoform/isoforms of TGF-beta responsible for cutaneous scarring by: (i) reducing specific endogenous TGF-beta isoforms by exogenous injection of isoform specific neutralising antibodies; and (ii) increasing the level of specific TGF-beta isoforms by exogenous infiltration into the wound margins. Exogenous addition of neutralising antibody to TGF-beta 1 plus neutralising antibody to TGF-beta 2 reduced the monocyte and macrophage profile, neovascularisation, fibronectin, collagen III and collagen I deposition in the early stages of wound healing compared to control wounds. Treatment with neutralising antibodies to TGF-betas 1 and 2 markedly improved the architecture of the neodermis to resemble that of normal dermis and reduced scarring while the control wounds healed with scar formation. Exogenous addition of neutralising antibody to TGF-beta 1 alone also reduced the monocyte and macrophage profile, fibronectin, collagen III and collagen I deposition compared to control wounds. However, treatment with neutralising antibody to TGF-beta 1 alone only marginally reduced scarring. By contrast, wounds treated with neutralising antibody to TGF-beta 2 alone did not differ from control wounds. Interestingly, exogenous addition of the TGF-beta 3 peptide also reduced the monocyte and macrophage profile, fibronectin, collagen I and collagen III deposition in the early stages of wound healing and markedly improved the architecture of the neodermis and reduced scarring. By contrast, wounds treated with either TGF-beta 1 or with TGF-beta 2 had more extracellular matrix deposition in the early stages of wound healing but did not differ from control wounds in the final quality of scarring. This study clearly demonstrates isoform specific differences in the role of TGF-betas in wound healing and cutaneous scarring. TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2 are implicated in cutaneous scarring. This study also suggests a novel therapeutic use of exogenous recombinant, TGF-beta 3 as an anti-scarring agent.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  H. J. Chung, A. Steplewski, K. Y. Chung, J. Uitto, and A. Fertala Collagen Fibril Formation: A NEW TARGET TO LIMIT FIBROSIS J. Biol. Chem., September 19, 2008; 283(38): 25879 - 25886. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Durani, N. Occleston, S. O'Kane, and M. W. J. Ferguson Avotermin: A Novel Antiscarring Agent International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds, September 1, 2008; 7(3): 160 - 168. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Meyer-ter-Vehn, B. Katzenberger, H. Han, F. Grehn, and G. Schlunck Lovastatin Inhibits TGF-{beta}-Induced Myofibroblast Transdifferentiation in Human Tenon Fibroblasts Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., September 1, 2008; 49(9): 3955 - 3960. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Mori, T. J. Shaw, and P. Martin Molecular mechanisms linking wound inflammation and fibrosis: knockdown of osteopontin leads to rapid repair and reduced scarring J. Exp. Med., January 21, 2008; 205(1): 43 - 51. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Shintani, M. Maeda, N. Chaika, K. R. Johnson, and M. J. Wheelock Collagen I Promotes Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Cancer Cells via Transforming Growth Factor Signaling Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., January 1, 2008; 38(1): 95 - 104. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S.T.W. McKeown, J.J. Barnes, P.L. Hyland, F.T. Lundy, M.J. Fray, and C.R. Irwin Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 Differences in Oral and Skin Fibroblasts J. Dent. Res., May 1, 2007; 86(5): 457 - 462. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. J. A. F. van Kaam, A. Romano, G. A. J. Dunselman, and P. G. Groothuis Transforming Growth Factor {beta}1 Gene Polymorphism 509C/T in Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis Reproductive Sciences, May 1, 2007; 14(4): 367 - 373. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Bujak and N. G. Frangogiannis The role of TGF-{beta} signaling in myocardial infarction and cardiac remodeling Cardiovasc Res, May 1, 2007; 74(2): 184 - 195. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Khan, A. Agrotis, and A. Bobik Understanding the role of transforming growth factor-{beta}1 in intimal thickening after vascular injury Cardiovasc Res, May 1, 2007; 74(2): 223 - 234. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. L. Denning, S. Granger, D. Mucida, R. Graddy, G. Leclercq, W. Zhang, K. Honey, J. P. Rasmussen, H. Cheroutre, A. Y. Rudensky, et al. Mouse TCR{alpha}beta+CD8{alpha}{alpha} Intraepithelial Lymphocytes Express Genes That Down-Regulate Their Antigen Reactivity and Suppress Immune Responses J. Immunol., April 1, 2007; 178(7): 4230 - 4239. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. El Chaar, J. Chen, S. V. Seshan, S. Jha, I. Richardson, S. R. Ledbetter, E. D. Vaughan Jr, D. P. Poppas, and D. Felsen Effect of combination therapy with enalapril and the TGF-beta antagonist 1D11 in unilateral ureteral obstruction Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, April 1, 2007; 292(4): F1291 - F1301. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. D. Keller, P. Rivera Gil, M. Tolle, M. van der Giet, J. Chun, H. H. Radeke, M. Schafer-Korting, and B. Kleuser Immunomodulator FTY720 Induces Myofibroblast Differentiation via the Lysophospholipid Receptor S1P3 and Smad3 Signaling Am. J. Pathol., January 1, 2007; 170(1): 281 - 292. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Meyer-ter-Vehn, S. Sieprath, B. Katzenberger, S. Gebhardt, F. Grehn, and G. Schlunck Contractility as a Prerequisite for TGF-{beta}-Induced Myofibroblast Transdifferentiation in Human Tenon Fibroblasts Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., November 1, 2006; 47(11): 4895 - 4904. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Kruit, J. C. Grutters, H. J. T. Ruven, C. H. M. van Moorsel, R. Weiskirchen, S. Mengsteab, and J. M. M. van den Bosch Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Gene Polymorphisms in Sarcoidosis Patients With and Without Fibrosis Chest, June 1, 2006; 129(6): 1584 - 1591. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. M. Carrington, J. Albon, I. Anderson, C. Kamma, and M. Boulton Differential Regulation of Key Stages in Early Corneal Wound Healing by TGF-{beta} Isoforms and Their Inhibitors Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., May 1, 2006; 47(5): 1886 - 1894. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Meyer-ter-Vehn, S. Gebhardt, W. Sebald, M. Buttmann, F. Grehn, G. Schlunck, and P. Knaus p38 Inhibitors Prevent TGF-{beta}-Induced Myofibroblast Transdifferentiation in Human Tenon Fibroblasts. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., April 1, 2006; 47(4): 1500 - 1509. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Boxall, S. T. Holgate, and D. E. Davies The contribution of transforming growth factor-{beta} and epidermal growth factor signalling to airway remodelling in chronic asthma Eur. Respir. J., January 1, 2006; 27(1): 208 - 229. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Zhao, T. Shimizu, J. Nishihira, Y. Koyama, T. Kushibiki, A. Honda, H. Watanabe, R. Abe, Y. Tabata, and H. Shimizu Tissue Regeneration Using Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor-Impregnated Gelatin Microbeads in Cutaneous Wounds Am. J. Pathol., December 1, 2005; 167(6): 1519 - 1529. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Gorvy, S. E. Herrick, M. Shah, and M. W.J. Ferguson Experimental Manipulation of Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Isoforms Significantly Affects Adhesion Formation in a Murine Surgical Model Am. J. Pathol., October 1, 2005; 167(4): 1005 - 1019. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Kopp, E. Preis, H. Said, B. Hafemann, L. Wickert, A. M. Gressner, N. Pallua, and S. Dooley|| Abrogation of Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Signaling by SMAD7 Inhibits Collagen Gel Contraction of Human Dermal Fibroblasts J. Biol. Chem., June 3, 2005; 280(22): 21570 - 21576. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. S. Tan, L. Michalik, B. Desvergne, and W. Wahli Genetic- or Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1-induced Changes in Epidermal Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor {beta}/{delta} Expression Dictate Wound Repair Kinetics J. Biol. Chem., May 6, 2005; 280(18): 18163 - 18170. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Kalomenidis, Y. Guo, K. B. Lane, M. Hawthorne, and R. W. Light Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}3 Induces Pleurodesis in Rabbits and Collagen Production of Human Mesothelial Cells Chest, April 1, 2005; 127(4): 1335 - 1340. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Nattel and J.-J. Schott Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia type 1 and mutations in transforming growth factor {beta}3 gene regulatory regions: a breakthrough? Cardiovasc Res, February 1, 2005; 65(2): 302 - 304. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M.J. BISSELL, P.A. KENNY, and D.C. RADISKY Microenvironmental Regulators of Tissue Structure and Function Also Regulate Tumor Induction and Progression: The Role of Extracellular Matrix and Its Degrading Enzymes Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol, January 1, 2005; 70(0): 343 - 356. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Kojima, R. A. Ignotz, T. Kushibiki, K. W. Tinsley, Y. Tabata, and C. A. Vacanti Tissue-engineered trachea from sheep marrow stromal cells with transforming growth factor {beta}2 released from biodegradable microspheres in a nude rat recipient J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., July 1, 2004; 128(1): 147 - 153. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Martin and S. M. Parkhurst Parallels between tissue repair and embryo morphogenesis Development, July 1, 2004; 131(13): 3021 - 3034. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. A Mustoe Scars and keloids BMJ, June 5, 2004; 328(7452): 1329 - 1330. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Chbinou and J. Frenette Insulin-dependent diabetes impairs the inflammatory response and delays angiogenesis following Achilles tendon injury Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, May 1, 2004; 286(5): R952 - R957. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. I. Jobling, M. Nguyen, A. Gentle, and N. A. McBrien Isoform-specific Changes in Scleral Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Expression and the Regulation of Collagen Synthesis during Myopia Progression J. Biol. Chem., April 30, 2004; 279(18): 18121 - 18126. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Sorrell and A. I. Caplan Fibroblast heterogeneity: more than skin deep J. Cell Sci., March 1, 2004; 117(5): 667 - 675. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Sukotjo, A. Lin, K. Song, T. Ogawa, B. Wu, and I. Nishimura Oral Fibroblast Expression of wound-inducible transcript 3.0 (wit3.0) Accelerates the Collagen Gel Contraction in Vitro J. Biol. Chem., December 19, 2003; 278(51): 51527 - 51534. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. A. Kingston, S. Sinha, C. E. Appleby, A. David, T. Verakis, M. G. Castro, P. R. Lowenstein, and A. M. Heagerty Adenovirus-Mediated Gene Transfer of Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}3, but Not Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1, Inhibits Constrictive Remodeling and Reduces Luminal Loss After Coronary Angioplasty Circulation, December 2, 2003; 108(22): 2819 - 2825. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Soo, S. R. Beanes, F.-Y. Hu, X. Zhang, C. Dang, G. Chang, Y. Wang, I. Nishimura, E. Freymiller, M. T. Longaker, et al. Ontogenetic Transition in Fetal Wound Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Regulation Correlates with Collagen Organization Am. J. Pathol., December 1, 2003; 163(6): 2459 - 2476. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.M. Szpaderska, J.D. Zuckerman, and L.A. DiPietro Differential Injury Responses in Oral Mucosal and Cutaneous Wounds J. Dent. Res., August 1, 2003; 82(8): 621 - 626. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Hosokawa, K. Nonaka, M. Morifuji, L. Shum, and M. Ohishi TGF-{beta}3 Decreases Type I Collagen and Scarring after Labioplasty J. Dent. Res., July 1, 2003; 82(7): 558 - 564. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. WERNER and R. GROSE Regulation of Wound Healing by Growth Factors and Cytokines Physiol Rev, July 1, 2003; 83(3): 835 - 870. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. D. Blalock, M. R. Duncan, J. C. Varela, M. H. Goldstein, S. S. Tuli, G. R. Grotendorst, and G. S. Schultz Connective Tissue Growth Factor Expression and Action in Human Corneal Fibroblast Cultures and Rat Corneas after Photorefractive Keratectomy Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., May 1, 2003; 44(5): 1879 - 1887. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. C. McKaig, D. McWilliams, S. A. Watson, and Y. R. Mahida Expression and Regulation of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 and Matrix Metalloproteinases by Intestinal Myofibroblasts in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Am. J. Pathol., April 1, 2003; 162(4): 1355 - 1360. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. E. King, V. P. Iyemere, P. L. Weissberg, and C. M. Shanahan Kruppel-like Factor 4 (KLF4/GKLF) Is a Target of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins and Transforming Growth Factor beta 1 in the Regulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype J. Biol. Chem., March 21, 2003; 278(13): 11661 - 11669. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. K. Beredjiklian Biologic Aspects of Flexor Tendon Laceration and Repair J. Bone Joint Surg. Am., March 11, 2003; 85(3): 539 - 550. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G I Mason, J Hamburger, S Bowman, and J B Matthews Salivary gland expression of transforming growth factor {beta} isoforms in Sjogren's syndrome and benign lymphoepithelial lesions Mol. Pathol., February 1, 2003; 56(1): 52 - 59. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. C. Flanders and J. K. Burmester Medical Applications of Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Clin. Med. Res., January 1, 2003; 1(1): 13 - 20. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Kohama, K. Nonaka, R. Hosokawa, L. Shum, and M. Ohishi TGF-beta-3 Promotes Scarless Repair of Cleft Lip in Mouse Fetuses J. Dent. Res., October 1, 2002; 81(10): 688 - 694. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Szweras, D. Liu, E. A. Partridge, J. Pawling, B. Sukhu, C. Clokie, W. Jahnen-Dechent, H. C. Tenenbaum, C. J. Swallow, M. D. Grynpas, et al. alpha 2-HS Glycoprotein/Fetuin, a Transforming Growth Factor-beta /Bone Morphogenetic Protein Antagonist, Regulates Postnatal Bone Growth and Remodeling J. Biol. Chem., May 24, 2002; 277(22): 19991 - 19997. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. J. Howat, S. T. Holgate, and P. M. Lackie TGF-beta isoform release and activation during in vitro bronchial epithelial wound repair Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, January 1, 2002; 282(1): L115 - L123. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. L. Masinde, X. Li, W. Gu, H. Davidson, S. Mohan, and D. J. Baylink Identification of Wound Healing/Regeneration Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) at Multiple Time Points that Explain Seventy Percent of Variance in (MRL/MpJ and SJL/J) Mice F2 Population Genome Res., December 1, 2001; 11(12): 2027 - 2033. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Q. Liu, T.-Y. Ling, H.-S. Shieh, F. E. Johnson, J. S. Huang, and S. S. Huang Identification of the High Affinity Binding Site in Transforming Growth Factor-beta Involved in Complex Formation with alpha 2-Macroglobulin. IMPLICATIONS REGARDING THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF COMPLEX FORMATION BETWEEN alpha 2-MACROGLOBULIN AND GROWTH FACTORS, CYTOKINES, AND HORMONES J. Biol. Chem., November 30, 2001; 276(49): 46212 - 46218. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Chegini, K. Kotseos, Y. Zhao, B. Bennett, F. W. McLean, M. P. Diamond, L. Holmdahl, and J. Burns Differential expression of TGF-{beta}1 and TGF-{beta}3 in serosal tissues of human intraperitoneal organs and peritoneal adhesions Hum. Reprod., June 1, 2001; 16(6): 1291 - 1300. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. G. Dillard, S. Muller, C. Cohen, D. Bloch, J. M. Del Gaudio, and A. A. Gal High Tumor Grade in Salivary Gland Mucoepidermoid Carcinomas and Loss of Expression of Transforming Growth Factor {beta} Receptor Type II Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, June 1, 2001; 127(6): 683 - 686. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Soo, F.-Y. Hu, X. Zhang, Y. Wang, S. R. Beanes, H. P. Lorenz, M. H. Hedrick, R. J. Mackool, A. Plaas, S.-J. Kim, et al. Differential Expression of Fibromodulin, a Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Modulator, in Fetal Skin Development and Scarless Repair Am. J. Pathol., August 1, 2000; 157(2): 423 - 433. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. B. Hom A New Era of Discovery in Facial Plastic Surgery Arch Facial Plast Surg, July 1, 2000; 2(3): 166 - 172. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. B. Saadeh, B. J. Mehrara, D. S. Steinbrech, J. A. Spector, J. A. Greenwald, G. S. Chin, H. Ueno, G. K. Gittes, and M. T. Longaker Mechanisms of Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Modulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression by Osteoblastic Cells Endocrinology, June 1, 2000; 141(6): 2075 - 2083. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. G. Dillard, C. Cohen, S. Muller, J. Del Gaudio, O. Reichman, B. Parrish, D. Rackley, and A. A. Gal Immunolocalization of Activated Transforming Growth Factor {beta}1 in Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, June 1, 2000; 126(6): 723 - 725. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. F. Cordeiro, S. S. Bhattacharya, G. S. Schultz, and P. T. Khaw TGF-{beta}1, -{beta}2, and -{beta}3 In Vitro: Biphasic Effects on Tenon’s Fibroblast Contraction, Proliferation, and Migration Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., March 1, 2000; 41(3): 756 - 763. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. I Mason, J. Hamburger, and J. B Matthews Mast cells, extracellular matrix components, TGFbeta isoforms and TGFbeta receptor expression in labial salivary glands in systemic sclerosis Ann Rheum Dis, March 1, 2000; 59(3): 183 - 189. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. PIEK, C.-H. HELDIN, and P. TEN DIJKE Specificity, diversity, and regulation in TGF-{beta} superfamily signaling FASEB J, December 1, 1999; 13(15): 2105 - 2124. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. S. Huang, M. Zhou, F. E. Johnson, H.-S. Shieh, and J. S. Huang An Active Site of Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1 for Growth Inhibition and Stimulation J. Biol. Chem., September 24, 1999; 274(39): 27754 - 27758. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. J. Singer and R. A.F. Clark Cutaneous Wound Healing N. Engl. J. Med., September 2, 1999; 341(10): 738 - 746. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. F. Cordeiro, J. A. Gay, and P. T. Khaw Human Anti-Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}2 Antibody: A New Glaucoma Anti-Scarring Agent Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., September 1, 1999; 40(10): 2225 - 2234. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. V. Jester, J. Huang, P. A. Barry-Lane, W. W-Y. Kao, W. M. Petroll, and H. D. Cavanagh Transforming Growth Factor{beta}-Mediated Corneal Myofibroblast Differentiation Requires Actin and Fibronectin Assembly Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., August 1, 1999; 40(9): 1959 - 1967. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. F. Cordeiro, M. B. Reichel, J. A. Gay, F. D’Esposita, R. A. Alexander, and P. T. Khaw Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1, -{beta}2, and -{beta}3 In Vivo: Effects on Normal and Mitomycin C-Modulated Conjunctival Scarring Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., August 1, 1999; 40(9): 1975 - 1982. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
