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Journal of Cell Science, Vol 110, Issue 6 707-720, Copyright © 1997 by Company of Biologists
JOURNAL ARTICLES |
WE Allen, GE Jones, JW Pollard and AJ Ridley
The Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, London, UK.
Rho family proteins are known to regulate actin organization in fibroblasts, but their functions in cells of haematopoietic origin have not been studied in detail. Bac1.2F5 cells are a colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1)-dependent murine macrophage cell line; CSF-1 stimulates their proliferation and motility, and acts as a chemoattractant. CSF-1 rapidly induced actin reorganization in Bac1 cells: it stimulated the formation of filopodia, lamellipodia and membrane ruffles at the plasma membrane, as well as the appearance of fine actin cables within the cell interior. Microinjection of constitutively activated (V12)Rac1 stimulated lamellipodium formation and membrane ruffling. The dominant inhibitory Rac mutant, N17Rac1, inhibited CSF-1-induced lamellipodium formation, and also induced cell rounding. V12Cdc42 induced the formation of long filopodia, while the dominant inhibitory mutant N17Cdc42 prevented CSF-1-induced formation of filopodia but not lamellipodia. V14RhoA stimulated actin cable assembly and cell contraction, while the Rho inhibitor, C3 transferase, induced the loss of actin cables. Bac1 cells had cell-to-substratum adhesion sites containing beta1 integrin, pp125FAK, paxillin, vinculin, and tyrosine phosphorylated proteins. These 'focal complexes' were present in growing and CSF-1-starved cells, but were disassembled in cells injected with N17Cdc42 or N17Rac1. Interestingly, beta1 integrin did not disperse until long after focal phosphotyrosine and vinculin staining had disappeared. We conclude that in Bac1 macrophages Cdc42, Rac and Rho regulate the formation of distinct actin filament-based structures, and that Cdc42 and Rac are also required for the assembly of adhesion sites to the extracellular matrix.
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S. Burns, A. J. Thrasher, M. P. Blundell, L. Machesky, and G. E. Jones Configuration of human dendritic cell cytoskeleton by Rho GTPases, the WAS protein, and differentiation Blood, August 15, 2001; 98(4): 1142 - 1149. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. M. Giles, K. Ross, A. G. Rossi, N. A. Hotchin, C. Haslett, and I. Dransfield Glucocorticoid Augmentation of Macrophage Capacity for Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells Is Associated with Reduced p130Cas Expression, Loss of Paxillin/pyk2 Phosphorylation, and High Levels of Active Rac J. Immunol., July 15, 2001; 167(2): 976 - 986. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. A. Worthylake, S. Lemoine, J. M. Watson, and K. Burridge RhoA is required for monocyte tail retraction during transendothelial migration J. Cell Biol., July 9, 2001; 154(1): 147 - 160. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 J. B. Kline, D. J. Moore, and C. V. Clevenger Activation and Association of the Tec Tyrosine Kinase with the Human Prolactin Receptor: Mapping of a Tec/Vav1-Receptor Binding Site Mol. Endocrinol., May 1, 2001; 15(5): 832 - 841. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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F. J. Pixley, P. S. W. Lee, J. S. Condeelis, and E. R. Stanley Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase {phi} Regulates Paxillin Tyrosine Phosphorylation and Mediates Colony-Stimulating Factor 1-Induced Morphological Changes in Macrophages Mol. Cell. Biol., March 1, 2001; 21(5): 1795 - 1809. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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A. J. Ridley Rho GTPases and cell migration J. Cell Sci., January 8, 2001; 114(15): 2713 - 2722. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. Davy, H. Campbell, S Fountain, D de Jong, and M. Crouch The flightless I protein colocalizes with actin- and microtubule-based structures in motile Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts: evidence for the involvement of PI 3-kinase and Ras-related small GTPases J. Cell Sci., January 2, 2001; 114(3): 549 - 562. [Abstract] [PDF]
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G. E. Jones Cellular signaling in macrophage migration and chemotaxis J. Leukoc. Biol., November 1, 2000; 68(5): 593 - 602. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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S. Yayoshi-Yamamoto, I. Taniuchi, and T. Watanabe FRL, a Novel Formin-Related Protein, Binds to Rac and Regulates Cell Motility and Survival of Macrophages Mol. Cell. Biol., September 15, 2000; 20(18): 6872 - 6881. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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T. Kawashima, K. Hirose, T. Satoh, A. Kaneko, Y. Ikeda, Y. Kaziro, T. Nosaka, and T. Kitamura MgcRacGAP is involved in the control of growth and differentiation of hematopoietic cells Blood, September 15, 2000; 96(6): 2116 - 2124. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. A. Williams, W. Tao, F. Yang, C. Kim, Y. Gu, P. Mansfield, J. E. Levine, B. Petryniak, C. W. Derrow, C. Harris, et al. Dominant negative mutation of the hematopoietic-specific Rho GTPase, Rac2, is associated with a human phagocyte immunodeficiency Blood, September 1, 2000; 96(5): 1646 - 1654. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. Yoshida, Y. Tomiyama, J. Ishikawa, K. Oritani, I. Matsumura, M. Shiraga, T. Yokota, Y. Okajima, M. Ogawa, J.-i. Miyagawa, et al. Integrin-associated protein/CD47 regulates motile activity in human B-cell lines through CDC42 Blood, July 1, 2000; 96(1): 234 - 241. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. E. Matheny, T. L. Deem, and J. M. Cook-Mills Lymphocyte Migration Through Monolayers of Endothelial Cell Lines Involves VCAM-1 Signaling Via Endothelial Cell NADPH Oxidase J. Immunol., June 15, 2000; 164(12): 6550 - 6559. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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I. Royal, N. Lamarche-Vane, L. Lamorte, K. Kaibuchi, and M. Park Activation of Cdc42, Rac, PAK, and Rho-Kinase in Response to Hepatocyte Growth Factor Differentially Regulates Epithelial Cell Colony Spreading and Dissociation Mol. Biol. Cell, May 1, 2000; 11(5): 1709 - 1725. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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L. Tian, D. L. Nelson, and D. M. Stewart Cdc42-interacting Protein 4 Mediates Binding of the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein to Microtubules J. Biol. Chem., March 10, 2000; 275(11): 7854 - 7861. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Philips, P. Roux, V. Coulon, J.-M. Bellanger, A. Vie, M.-L. Vignais, and J. M. Blanchard Differential Effect of Rac and Cdc42 on p38 Kinase Activity and Cell Cycle Progression of Nonadherent Primary Mouse Fibroblasts J. Biol. Chem., February 25, 2000; 275(8): 5911 - 5917. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. M. Williams and A. J. Ridley Lipopolysaccharide Induces Actin Reorganization and Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Pyk2 and Paxillin in Monocytes and Macrophages J. Immunol., February 15, 2000; 164(4): 2028 - 2036. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. Hill, S. Welti, J. Yu, J. T. Murray, S.-C. Yip, J. S. Condeelis, J. E. Segall, and J. M. Backer Specific Requirement for the p85-p110alpha Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase during Epidermal Growth Factor-stimulated Actin Nucleation in Breast Cancer Cells J. Biol. Chem., February 11, 2000; 275(6): 3741 - 3744. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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X. Ren, W. Kiosses, D. Sieg, C. Otey, D. Schlaepfer, and M. Schwartz Focal adhesion kinase suppresses Rho activity to promote focal adhesion turnover J. Cell Sci., January 10, 2000; 113(20): 3673 - 3678. [Abstract] [PDF]
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F Castellano, P Montcourrier, and P Chavrier Membrane recruitment of Rac1 triggers phagocytosis J. Cell Sci., January 9, 2000; 113(17): 2955 - 2961. [Abstract] [PDF]
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K Ohsawa, Y Imai, H Kanazawa, Y Sasaki, and S Kohsaka Involvement of Iba1 in membrane ruffling and phagocytosis of macrophages/microglia J. Cell Sci., January 9, 2000; 113(17): 3073 - 3084. [Abstract] [PDF]
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N Araki, T Hatae, T Yamada, and S Hirohashi Actinin-4 is preferentially involved in circular ruffling and macropinocytosis in mouse macrophages: analysis by fluorescence ratio imaging J. Cell Sci., January 9, 2000; 113(18): 3329 - 3340. [Abstract] [PDF]
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D. J. Lee, D. Cox, J. Li, and S. Greenberg Rac1 and Cdc42 Are Required for Phagocytosis, but Not NF-kappa B-dependent Gene Expression, in Macrophages Challenged with Pseudomonas aeruginosa J. Biol. Chem., January 7, 2000; 275(1): 141 - 146. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S Ory, Y Munari-Silem, P Fort, and P Jurdic Rho and Rac exert antagonistic functions on spreading of macrophage-derived multinucleated cells and are not required for actin fiber formation J. Cell Sci., January 4, 2000; 113(7): 1177 - 1188. [Abstract] [PDF]
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T. Sumi, K. Matsumoto, Y. Takai, and T. Nakamura Cofilin Phosphorylation and Actin Cytoskeletal Dynamics Regulated by Rho- and Cdc42-activated LIM-kinase 2 J. Cell Biol., December 27, 1999; 147(7): 1519 - 1532. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Q. Zhang, J. Calafat, H. Janssen, and S. Greenberg ARF6 Is Required for Growth Factor- and Rac-Mediated Membrane Ruffling in Macrophages at a Stage Distal to Rac Membrane Targeting Mol. Cell. Biol., December 1, 1999; 19(12): 8158 - 8168. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 B. Nguyen, M. E. Carbajal, and M. L. Vitale Intracellular Mechanisms Involved in Dopamine-Induced Actin Cytoskeleton Organization and Maintenance of a Round Phenotype in Cultured Rat Lactotrope Cells Endocrinology, August 1, 1999; 140(8): 3467 - 3477. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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M. Hoshino, M. Sone, M. Fukata, S. Kuroda, K. Kaibuchi, Y.-i. Nabeshima, and C. Hama Identification of the stef Gene That Encodes a Novel Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor Specific for Rac1 J. Biol. Chem., June 18, 1999; 274(25): 17837 - 17844. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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