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COMMENTARY |
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Royal Free and University College School of Medicine, 91 Riding House Street, London W1W 7BS, UK
(e-mail: anne{at}ludwig.ucl.ac.uk )
Cell migration involves dynamic and spatially regulated changes to the cytoskeleton and cell adhesion. The Rho GTPases play key roles in coordinating the cellular responses required for cell migration. Recent research has revealed new molecular links between Rho family proteins and the actin cytoskeleton, showing that they act to regulate actin polymerization, depolymerization and the activity of actin-associated myosins. In addition, studies on integrin signalling suggest that the substratum continuously feeds signals to Rho proteins in migrating cells to influence migration rate. There is also increasing evidence that Rho proteins affect the organization of the microtubule and intermediate filament networks and that this is important for cell migration.
Key words: Rho GTPases, Actin, Cytoskeleton, Migration, Cell adhesion
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S. G. Hunter, G. Zhuang, D. Brantley-Sieders, W. Swat, C. W. Cowan, and J. Chen Essential Role of Vav Family Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors in EphA Receptor-Mediated Angiogenesis Mol. Cell. Biol., July 1, 2006; 26(13): 4830 - 4842. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. H. Kim, H.-w. Kim, H. Jeon, P.-G. Suh, and S. H. Ryu Phospholipase D1 Regulates Cell Migration in a Lipase Activity-independent Manner J. Biol. Chem., June 9, 2006; 281(23): 15747 - 15756. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. Srinivasan and R. Plattner Activation of Abl Tyrosine Kinases Promotes Invasion of Aggressive Breast Cancer Cells Cancer Res., June 1, 2006; 66(11): 5648 - 5655. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Nayal, D. J. Webb, C. M. Brown, E. M. Schaefer, M. Vicente-Manzanares, and A. R. Horwitz Paxillin phosphorylation at Ser273 localizes a GIT1-PIX-PAK complex and regulates adhesion and protrusion dynamics J. Cell Biol., May 22, 2006; 173(4): 587 - 589. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. J. Williams, M.-L. Wiklund, S. Wikman, and D. Hultmark Rac1 signalling in the Drosophila larval cellular immune response J. Cell Sci., May 15, 2006; 119(10): 2015 - 2024. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. Vidali, F. Chen, G. Cicchetti, Y. Ohta, and D. J. Kwiatkowski Rac1-null Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts Are Motile and Respond to Platelet-derived Growth Factor Mol. Biol. Cell, May 1, 2006; 17(5): 2377 - 2390. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. H. Fryer, C. Wang, S. Vedantam, G.-L. Zhou, S. Jin, L. Fletcher, M. C. Simon, and J. Field cGMP-dependent Protein Kinase Phosphorylates p21-activated Kinase (Pak) 1, Inhibiting Pak/Nck Binding and Stimulating Pak/Vasodilator-stimulated Phosphoprotein Association J. Biol. Chem., April 28, 2006; 281(17): 11487 - 11495. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. K. Sastry, Z. Rajfur, B. P. Liu, J.-F. Cote, M. L. Tremblay, and K. Burridge PTP-PEST Couples Membrane Protrusion and Tail Retraction via VAV2 and p190RhoGAP J. Biol. Chem., April 28, 2006; 281(17): 11627 - 11636. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. Miyazaki, V. Patel, H. Wang, R. K. Edmunds, J. S. Gutkind, and W. A. Yeudall Down-regulation of CXCL5 Inhibits Squamous Carcinogenesis. Cancer Res., April 15, 2006; 66(8): 4279 - 4284. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. G. Lee and E. P. Kay FGF-2-Induced Wound Healing in Corneal Endothelial Cells Requires Cdc42 Activation and Rho Inactivation through the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Pathway. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., April 1, 2006; 47(4): 1376 - 1386. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Blanke and H. Jackle Novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEFmeso of Drosophila melanogaster interacts with Ral and Rho GTPase Cdc42 FASEB J, April 1, 2006; 20(6): 683 - 691. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 J. H. Brown, D. P. Del Re, and M. A. Sussman The Rac and Rho Hall of Fame: A Decade of Hypertrophic Signaling Hits Circ. Res., March 31, 2006; 98(6): 730 - 742. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Leslie Skeleton crew J. Cell Biol., March 27, 2006; 172(7): 960 - 960. [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. Dadke, M. Jarnik, E. N. Pugacheva, M. K. Singh, and E. A. Golemis Deregulation of HEF1 Impairs M-Phase Progression by Disrupting the RhoA Activation Cycle Mol. Biol. Cell, March 1, 2006; 17(3): 1204 - 1217. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Krueger, T. Hundertmark, T. Kalinski, U. Peitz, T. Wex, P. Malfertheiner, M. Naumann, and A. Roessner Helicobacter pylori Encoding the Pathogenicity Island Activates Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 in Gastric Epithelial Cells via JNK and ERK J. Biol. Chem., February 3, 2006; 281(5): 2868 - 2875. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. Katoh, K. Hiramoto, and M. Negishi Activation of Rac1 by RhoG regulates cell migration J. Cell Sci., January 1, 2006; 119(1): 56 - 65. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. Wei, T. E. Gorman, X. Liu, B. Ith, A. Tseng, Z. Chen, D. I. Simon, M. D. Layne, and S.-F. Yet Increased Neointima Formation in Cysteine-Rich Protein 2-Deficient Mice in Response to Vascular Injury Circ. Res., December 9, 2005; 97(12): 1323 - 1331. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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U. R. Michaelis, B. Fisslthaler, E. Barbosa-Sicard, J. R. Falck, I. Fleming, and R. Busse Cytochrome P450 epoxygenases 2C8 and 2C9 are implicated in hypoxia-induced endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis J. Cell Sci., December 1, 2005; 118(23): 5489 - 5498. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. Zhou, L. Zhu, A. Kodani, P. Hauser, X. Yao, and J. G. Forte Phosphorylation of ezrin on threonine 567 produces a change in secretory phenotype and repolarizes the gastric parietal cell J. Cell Sci., October 1, 2005; 118(19): 4381 - 4391. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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V. Thamilselvan and M. D. Basson The role of the cytoskeleton in differentially regulating pressure-mediated effects on malignant colonocyte focal adhesion signaling and cell adhesion Carcinogenesis, October 1, 2005; 26(10): 1687 - 1697. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 N. Iijima, Y. Yanagawa, J. M. Clingan, and K. Onoe CCR7-mediated c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation regulates cell migration in mature dendritic cells Int. Immunol., September 1, 2005; 17(9): 1201 - 1212. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. Humphrey, Z. Rajfur, M. E. Vazquez, D. Scheswohl, M. D. Schaller, K. Jacobson, and B. Imperiali In Situ Photoactivation of a Caged Phosphotyrosine Peptide Derived from Focal Adhesion Kinase Temporarily Halts Lamellar Extension of Single Migrating Tumor Cells J. Biol. Chem., June 10, 2005; 280(23): 22091 - 22101. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. E. McMullen, P. W. Bryant, C. C. Glembotski, P. A. Vincent, and K. M. Pumiglia Activation of p38 Has Opposing Effects on the Proliferation and Migration of Endothelial Cells J. Biol. Chem., June 3, 2005; 280(22): 20995 - 21003. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 S. Chifflet, J. A. Hernandez, and S. Grasso A possible role for membrane depolarization in epithelial wound healing Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, June 1, 2005; 288(6): C1420 - C1430. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 F. Lefranc, J. Brotchi, and R. Kiss Possible Future Issues in the Treatment of Glioblastomas: Special Emphasis on Cell Migration and the Resistance of Migrating Glioblastoma Cells to Apoptosis J. Clin. Oncol., April 1, 2005; 23(10): 2411 - 2422. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 B. Wojciak-Stothard, L. Y. F. Tsang, and S. G. Haworth Rac and Rho play opposing roles in the regulation of hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced permeability changes in pulmonary artery endothelial cells Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, April 1, 2005; 288(4): L749 - L760. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. F. Deroanne, D. Hamelryckx, T. T. G. Ho, C. A. Lambert, P. Catroux, C. M. Lapiere, and B. V. Nusgens Cdc42 downregulates MMP-1 expression by inhibiting the ERK1/2 pathway J. Cell Sci., March 15, 2005; 118(6): 1173 - 1183. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. J. Sundberg-Smith, J. T. Doherty, C. P. Mack, and J. M. Taylor Adhesion Stimulates Direct PAK1/ERK2 Association and Leads to ERK-dependent PAK1 Thr212 Phosphorylation J. Biol. Chem., January 21, 2005; 280(3): 2055 - 2064. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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