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COMMENTARY |
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Royal Free and University College School of Medicine, 91 Riding House Street, London W1W 7BS, UK
(e-mail: anne{at}ludwig.ucl.ac.uk )
Cell migration involves dynamic and spatially regulated changes to the cytoskeleton and cell adhesion. The Rho GTPases play key roles in coordinating the cellular responses required for cell migration. Recent research has revealed new molecular links between Rho family proteins and the actin cytoskeleton, showing that they act to regulate actin polymerization, depolymerization and the activity of actin-associated myosins. In addition, studies on integrin signalling suggest that the substratum continuously feeds signals to Rho proteins in migrating cells to influence migration rate. There is also increasing evidence that Rho proteins affect the organization of the microtubule and intermediate filament networks and that this is important for cell migration.
Key words: Rho GTPases, Actin, Cytoskeleton, Migration, Cell adhesion
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H. Katoh, K. Hiramoto, and M. Negishi Activation of Rac1 by RhoG regulates cell migration J. Cell Sci., January 1, 2006; 119(1): 56 - 65. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. Wei, T. E. Gorman, X. Liu, B. Ith, A. Tseng, Z. Chen, D. I. Simon, M. D. Layne, and S.-F. Yet Increased Neointima Formation in Cysteine-Rich Protein 2-Deficient Mice in Response to Vascular Injury Circ. Res., December 9, 2005; 97(12): 1323 - 1331. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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U. R. Michaelis, B. Fisslthaler, E. Barbosa-Sicard, J. R. Falck, I. Fleming, and R. Busse Cytochrome P450 epoxygenases 2C8 and 2C9 are implicated in hypoxia-induced endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis J. Cell Sci., December 1, 2005; 118(23): 5489 - 5498. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. Zhou, L. Zhu, A. Kodani, P. Hauser, X. Yao, and J. G. Forte Phosphorylation of ezrin on threonine 567 produces a change in secretory phenotype and repolarizes the gastric parietal cell J. Cell Sci., October 1, 2005; 118(19): 4381 - 4391. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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V. Thamilselvan and M. D. Basson The role of the cytoskeleton in differentially regulating pressure-mediated effects on malignant colonocyte focal adhesion signaling and cell adhesion Carcinogenesis, October 1, 2005; 26(10): 1687 - 1697. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 N. Iijima, Y. Yanagawa, J. M. Clingan, and K. Onoe CCR7-mediated c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation regulates cell migration in mature dendritic cells Int. Immunol., September 1, 2005; 17(9): 1201 - 1212. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. Humphrey, Z. Rajfur, M. E. Vazquez, D. Scheswohl, M. D. Schaller, K. Jacobson, and B. Imperiali In Situ Photoactivation of a Caged Phosphotyrosine Peptide Derived from Focal Adhesion Kinase Temporarily Halts Lamellar Extension of Single Migrating Tumor Cells J. Biol. Chem., June 10, 2005; 280(23): 22091 - 22101. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. E. McMullen, P. W. Bryant, C. C. Glembotski, P. A. Vincent, and K. M. Pumiglia Activation of p38 Has Opposing Effects on the Proliferation and Migration of Endothelial Cells J. Biol. Chem., June 3, 2005; 280(22): 20995 - 21003. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 S. Chifflet, J. A. Hernandez, and S. Grasso A possible role for membrane depolarization in epithelial wound healing Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, June 1, 2005; 288(6): C1420 - C1430. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 F. Lefranc, J. Brotchi, and R. Kiss Possible Future Issues in the Treatment of Glioblastomas: Special Emphasis on Cell Migration and the Resistance of Migrating Glioblastoma Cells to Apoptosis J. Clin. Oncol., April 1, 2005; 23(10): 2411 - 2422. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 B. Wojciak-Stothard, L. Y. F. Tsang, and S. G. Haworth Rac and Rho play opposing roles in the regulation of hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced permeability changes in pulmonary artery endothelial cells Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, April 1, 2005; 288(4): L749 - L760. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. F. Deroanne, D. Hamelryckx, T. T. G. Ho, C. A. Lambert, P. Catroux, C. M. Lapiere, and B. V. Nusgens Cdc42 downregulates MMP-1 expression by inhibiting the ERK1/2 pathway J. Cell Sci., March 15, 2005; 118(6): 1173 - 1183. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. J. Sundberg-Smith, J. T. Doherty, C. P. Mack, and J. M. Taylor Adhesion Stimulates Direct PAK1/ERK2 Association and Leads to ERK-dependent PAK1 Thr212 Phosphorylation J. Biol. Chem., January 21, 2005; 280(3): 2055 - 2064. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. Miao, K. Strebhardt, E. B. Pasquale, T.-L. Shen, J.-L. Guan, and B. Wang Inhibition of Integrin-mediated Cell Adhesion but Not Directional Cell Migration Requires Catalytic Activity of EphB3 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase: ROLE OF RHO FAMILY SMALL GTPases J. Biol. Chem., January 14, 2005; 280(2): 923 - 932. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. G. Galvez, L. Genis, S. Matias-Roman, S. A. Oblander, K. Tryggvason, S. S. Apte, and A. G. Arroyo Membrane Type 1-Matrix Metalloproteinase Is Regulated by Chemokines Monocyte-Chemoattractant Protein-1/CCL2 and Interleukin-8/CXCL8 in Endothelial Cells during Angiogenesis J. Biol. Chem., January 14, 2005; 280(2): 1292 - 1298. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Lee, M. Hadi, G. Hallden, and G. W. Aponte Peptide YY and Neuropeptide Y Induce Villin Expression, Reduce Adhesion, and Enhance Migration in Small Intestinal Cells through the Regulation of CD63, Matrix Metalloproteinase-3, and Cdc42 Activity J. Biol. Chem., January 7, 2005; 280(1): 125 - 136. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Paladi and U. Tepass Function of Rho GTPases in embryonic blood cell migration in Drosophila J. Cell Sci., December 15, 2004; 117(26): 6313 - 6326. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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V. Radhika, D. Onesime, J. H. Ha, and N. Dhanasekaran G{alpha}13 Stimulates Cell Migration through Cortactin-interacting Protein Hax-1 J. Biol. Chem., November 19, 2004; 279(47): 49406 - 49413. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Sabri, M. Jandrot-Perrus, J. Bertoglio, R. W. Farndale, V. M.-D. Mas, N. Debili, and W. Vainchenker Differential regulation of actin stress fiber assembly and proplatelet formation by {alpha}2{beta}1 integrin and GPVI in human megakaryocytes Blood, November 15, 2004; 104(10): 3117 - 3125. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. Sai, G.-H. Fan, D. Wang, and A. Richmond The C-terminal domain LLKIL motif of CXCR2 is required for ligand-mediated polarization of early signals during chemotaxis J. Cell Sci., November 1, 2004; 117(23): 5489 - 5496. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Montaner, A. Sodhi, J.-M. Servitja, A. K. Ramsdell, A. Barac, E. T. Sawai, and J. S. Gutkind The small GTPase Rac1 links the Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus vGPCR to cytokine secretion and paracrine neoplasia Blood, November 1, 2004; 104(9): 2903 - 2911. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. M. Valles, M. Beuvin, and B. Boyer Activation of Rac1 by Paxillin-Crk-DOCK180 Signaling Complex Is Antagonized by Rap1 in Migrating NBT-II Cells J. Biol. Chem., October 22, 2004; 279(43): 44490 - 44496. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. Weiss-Haljiti, C. Pasquali, H. Ji, C. Gillieron, C. Chabert, M.-L. Curchod, E. Hirsch, A. J. Ridley, R. H. van Huijsduijnen, M. Camps, et al. Involvement of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase {gamma}, Rac, and PAK Signaling in Chemokine-induced Macrophage Migration J. Biol. Chem., October 8, 2004; 279(41): 43273 - 43284. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. M. Avalos, W. T. Arthur, P. Schneider, A. F. G. Quest, K. Burridge, and L. Leyton Aggregation of Integrins and RhoA Activation Are Required for Thy-1-induced Morphological Changes in Astrocytes J. Biol. Chem., September 10, 2004; 279(37): 39139 - 39145. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. R. Skowronek, F. Guo, Y. Zheng, and N. Nassar The C-terminal Basic Tail of RhoG Assists the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor Trio in Binding to Phospholipids J. Biol. Chem., September 3, 2004; 279(36): 37895 - 37907. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Y. Miyamoto, J. Yamauchi, N. Mizuno, and H. Itoh The Adaptor Protein Nck1 Mediates Endothelin A Receptor-regulated Cell Migration through the Cdc42-dependent c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Pathway J. Biol. Chem., August 13, 2004; 279(33): 34336 - 34342. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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X.-D. Ren, R. Wang, Q. Li, L. A. F. Kahek, K. Kaibuchi, and R. A. F. Clark Disruption of Rho signal transduction upon cell detachment J. Cell Sci., July 15, 2004; 117(16): 3511 - 3518. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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