QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s):
Home     Help     Feedback     Subscriptions     Archive     Search     Table of Contents

This Article Figures Only Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Vaucheret, H. Articles by Fagard, M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Vaucheret, H. Articles by Fagard, M.

Post-transcriptional gene silencing in plants

Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, INRA, Versailles 78026, France

*Author for correspondence (e-mail: herve.vaucheret{at}versailles.inra.fr)

Post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) in plants is an RNA-degradation mechanism that shows similarities to RNA interference (RNAi) in animals. Indeed, both involve double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), spread within the organism from a localised initiating area, correlate with the accumulation of small interfering RNA (siRNA) and require putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerases, RNA helicases and proteins of unknown functions containing PAZ and Piwi domains. However, some differences are evident. First, PTGS in plants requires at least two genes – SGS3 (which encodes a protein of unknown function containing a coil-coiled domain) and MET1 (which encodes a DNA-methyltransferase) – that are absent in C. elegans and thus are not required for RNAi. Second, all Arabidopsis mutants that exhibit impaired PTGS are hypersusceptible to infection by the cucumovirus CMV, indicating that PTGS participates in a mechanism for plant resistance to viruses. Interestingly, many viruses have developed strategies to counteract PTGS and successfully infect plants – for example, by potentiating endogenous suppressors of PTGS. Whether viruses can counteract RNAi in animals and whether endogenous suppressors of RNAi exist in animals is still unknown.

Key words: Post-transcriptional gene silencing, RNA interference, Transgene, Virus, Mutants

This article has been cited by other articles:

				G. Van der Auwera, J. Baute, M. Bauwens, I. Peck, D. Piette, M. Pycke, P. Asselman, and A. Depicker Development and Application of Novel Constructs to Score C:G-to-T:A Transitions and Homologous Recombination in Arabidopsis Plant Physiology, January 1, 2008; 146(1): 22 - 31. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J.-M. Hily, M. Ravelonandro, V. Damsteegt, C. Bassett, C. Petri, Z. Liu, and R. Scorza Plum Pox Virus Coat Protein Gene Intron-hairpin-RNA (ihpRNA) Constructs Provide Resistance to Plum Pox Virus in Nicotiana benthamiana and Prunus domestica J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., November 1, 2007; 132(6): 850 - 858. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Hanumappa, G. Choi, S. Ryu, and G. Choi Modulation of flower colour by rationally designed dominant-negative chalcone synthase J. Exp. Bot., July 1, 2007; 58(10): 2471 - 2478. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. S. Sekhon, T. Peterson, and S. Chopra Epigenetic Modifications of Distinct Sequences of the p1 Regulatory Gene Specify Tissue-Specific Expression Patterns in Maize Genetics, March 1, 2007; 175(3): 1059 - 1070. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Fojtova, A. Bleys, J. Bedrichova, H. Van Houdt, K. Krizova, A. Depicker, and A. Kovarik The trans-silencing capacity of invertedly repeated transgenes depends on their epigenetic state in tobacco. Nucleic Acids Res., January 1, 2006; 34(8): 2280 - 2293. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Li, L. Xu, H. Wang, Z. Yuan, X. Cao, Z. Yang, D. Zhang, Y. Xu, and H. Huang The Putative RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase RDR6 Acts Synergistically with ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 and 2 to Repress BREVIPEDICELLUS and MicroRNA165/166 in Arabidopsis Leaf Development PLANT CELL, August 1, 2005; 17(8): 2157 - 2171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. Tang, K. Kinken, and R. J. Newton Inducible Antisense-mediated Post-transcriptional Gene Silencing in Transgenic Pine Cells Using Green Fluorescent Protein as a Visual Marker Plant Cell Physiol., August 1, 2005; 46(8): 1255 - 1263. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M.-H. Hsieh and H. M. Goodman The Arabidopsis IspH Homolog Is Involved in the Plastid Nonmevalonate Pathway of Isoprenoid Biosynthesis Plant Physiology, June 1, 2005; 138(2): 641 - 653. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Yuan, P. K. M. Cheung, H. M. Zhang, D. Chau, and D. Yang Inhibition of Coxsackievirus B3 Replication by Small Interfering RNAs Requires Perfect Sequence Match in the Central Region of the Viral Positive Strand J. Virol., February 15, 2005; 79(4): 2151 - 2159. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L.-M. Gui and I. M. Joyce RNA Interference Evidence That Growth Differentiation Factor-9 Mediates Oocyte Regulation of Cumulus Expansion in Mice Biol Reprod, January 1, 2005; 72(1): 195 - 199. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Schubert, B. Lechtenberg, A. Forsbach, M. Gils, S. Bahadur, and R. Schmidt Silencing in Arabidopsis T-DNA Transformants: The Predominant Role of a Gene-Specific RNA Sensing Mechanism versus Position Effects PLANT CELL, October 1, 2004; 16(10): 2561 - 2572. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Q. Wang and G. G. Carmichael Effects of Length and Location on the Cellular Response to Double-Stranded RNA Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., September 1, 2004; 68(3): 432 - 452. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Q. Ge, L. Filip, A. Bai, T. Nguyen, H. N. Eisen, and J. Chen Inhibition of influenza virus production in virus-infected mice by RNA interference PNAS, June 8, 2004; 101(23): 8676 - 8681. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Montreau, S. Vaur, F. Dautry, and Y. Andeol Coupled amplification and degradation of exogenous RNA injected in amphibian oocytes Nucleic Acids Res., May 25, 2004; 32(9): 2957 - 2965. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. R. Chandok, S. K. Ekengren, G. B. Martin, and D. F. Klessig Suppression of pathogen-inducible NO synthase (iNOS) activity in tomato increases susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae PNAS, May 25, 2004; 101(21): 8239 - 8244. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. J. Chapman, A. I. Prokhnevsky, K. Gopinath, V. V. Dolja, and J. C. Carrington Viral RNA silencing suppressors inhibit the microRNA pathway at an intermediate step Genes & Dev., May 15, 2004; 18(10): 1179 - 1186. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. T. Hanba, M. Shibasaka, Y. Hayashi, T. Hayakawa, K. Kasamo, I. Terashima, and M. Katsuhara Overexpression of the Barley Aquaporin HvPIP2;1 Increases Internal CO2 Conductance and CO2 Assimilation in the Leaves of Transgenic Rice Plants Plant Cell Physiol., May 1, 2004; 45(5): 521 - 529. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. C. Forrest, C. Cogoni, and G. Macino The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, QDE-1, is a rate-limiting factor in post-transcriptional gene silencing in Neurospora crassa Nucleic Acids Res., April 16, 2004; 32(7): 2123 - 2128. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Kuramochi-Miyagawa, T. Kimura, T. W. Ijiri, T. Isobe, N. Asada, Y. Fujita, M. Ikawa, N. Iwai, M. Okabe, W. Deng, et al. Mili, a mammalian member of piwi family gene, is essential for spermatogenesis Development, February 15, 2004; 131(4): 839 - 849. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V.L. CHANDLER Poetry of b1 Paramutation: cis- and trans-Chromatin Communication Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol, January 1, 2004; 69(0): 355 - 362. [Abstract] [PDF]

				T. Tzfira and V. Citovsky The Agrobacterium-Plant Cell Interaction. Taking Biology Lessons from a Bug Plant Physiology, November 1, 2003; 133(3): 943 - 947. [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Fojtova, H. Van Houdt, A. Depicker, and A. Kovarik Epigenetic Switch from Posttranscriptional to Transcriptional Silencing Is Correlated with Promoter Hypermethylation Plant Physiology, November 1, 2003; 133(3): 1240 - 1250. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Kubota, S. Tsuda, A. Tamai, and T. Meshi Tomato Mosaic Virus Replication Protein Suppresses Virus-Targeted Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing J. Virol., October 15, 2003; 77(20): 11016 - 11026. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Q. Ge, M. T. McManus, T. Nguyen, C.-H. Shen, P. A. Sharp, H. N. Eisen, and J. Chen RNA interference of influenza virus production by directly targeting mRNA for degradation and indirectly inhibiting all viral RNA transcription PNAS, March 4, 2003; 100(5): 2718 - 2723. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Kawasaki, E. Suyama, M. Iyo, and K. Taira siRNAs generated by recombinant human Dicer induce specific and significant but target site-independent gene silencing in human cells Nucleic Acids Res., February 1, 2003; 31(3): 981 - 987. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Tang, B. J. Reinhart, D. P. Bartel, and P. D. Zamore A biochemical framework for RNA silencing in plants Genes & Dev., January 1, 2003; 17(1): 49 - 63. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Van Houdt, A. Bleys, and A. Depicker RNA Target Sequences Promote Spreading of RNA Silencing Plant Physiology, January 1, 2003; 131(1): 245 - 253. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Lechner, D. Xie, S. Grava, E. Pigaglio, S. Planchais, J. A. H. Murray, Y. Parmentier, J. Mutterer, B. Dubreucq, W.-H. Shen, et al. The AtRbx1 Protein Is Part of Plant SCF Complexes, and Its Down-regulation Causes Severe Growth and Developmental Defects J. Biol. Chem., December 13, 2002; 277(51): 50069 - 50080. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. E. Yelina, E. I. Savenkov, A. G. Solovyev, S. Y. Morozov, and J. P. T. Valkonen Long-Distance Movement, Virulence, and RNA Silencing Suppression Controlled by a Single Protein in Hordei- and Potyviruses: Complementary Functions between Virus Families J. Virol., November 13, 2002; 76(24): 12981 - 12991. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				U. Klahre, P. Crete, S. A. Leuenberger, V. A. Iglesias, and F. Meins Jr. High molecular weight RNAs and small interfering RNAs induce systemic posttranscriptional gene silencing in plants PNAS, September 3, 2002; 99(18): 11981 - 11986. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Freitag, R. L. Williams, G. O. Kothe, and E. U. Selker A cytosine methyltransferase homologue is essential for repeat-induced point mutation in Neurospora crassa PNAS, June 25, 2002; 99(13): 8802 - 8807. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. S. Schwarz and P. D. Zamore Why do miRNAs live in the miRNP? Genes & Dev., May 1, 2002; 16(9): 1025 - 1031. [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Liu, T. R. Cottrell, L. M. Pierini, W. E. Goldman, and T. L. Doering RNA Interference in the Pathogenic Fungus Cryptococcus neoformans Genetics, February 1, 2002; 160(2): 463 - 470. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]