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First published online 6 May 2003
doi: 10.1242/jcs.00450

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The lamina-associated polypeptide 2 (LAP2) isoforms ß, and of zebrafish: developmental expression and behavior during the cell cycle

Vera K. Schoft^*,1, Ariane J. Beauvais^*,2, Carmen Lang¹, Andreas Gajewski^1,3, Kristina Prüfert¹, Christoph Winkler⁴, Marie-Andrée Akimenko⁵, Micheline Paulin-Levasseur² and Georg Krohne^1,

¹ Division of Electron Microscopy, Biocenter of the University of Wü rzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wü rzburg, Germany
² Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
³ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Vienna Biocenter, University of Vienna, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
⁴ Department of Physiological Chemistry I, Biocenter of the University of Wü rzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wü rzburg, Germany
⁵ Ottawa Health Research Institute, 725 Parkdale Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1Y 4E9

Author for correspondence (e-mail: krohne{at}biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de)

Accepted 4 March 2003

Zebrafish lamina-associated polypeptides 2 (ZLAP2) ß, and have in common an N-terminal region with a LEM domain, and in the C-terminal half of the molecule a lamina binding domain and a membrane spanning sequence. The maternally synthesized is the largest isoform and the only LAP2 present in the rapidly dividing embryonic cells up to the gastrula stage. ZLAP2 levels decrease during development, concomitant with the increase of the somatic isoforms ZLAP2ß and . In somatic zebrafish cells ZLAP2 is the predominant isoform, whereas only small amounts of ZLAP2ß are present.

During early embryonic development, ZLAP2 becomes associated with mitotic chromosomes before anaphase. The surface of these chromosomes is decorated with vesicles, and each chromosome assembles its own nuclear envelope at the end of mitosis (karyomere formation). Ectopically expressed ZLAP2-green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein targets vesicles to mitotic chromosomes in Xenopus A6 cells, suggesting that ZLAP2 is involved in karyomere formation during early zebrafish development.

When ZLAP2ß and were expressed as GFP fusion proteins in Xenopus A6 cells, the ß- but not the -isoform was found in association with mitotic chromosomes, and ZLAP2ß-containing chromosomes were decorated with vesicles. Further analysis of ZLAP2-GFP fusion proteins containing only distinct domains of the ZLAP2 isoforms revealed that the common N-terminal region in conjunction with ß- or -specific sequences mediate binding to mitotic chromosomes in vivo.

Key words: Zebrafish LAP2, Karyomere, Chromatin binding, Lamina, Mitosis

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