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First published online November 3, 2003
doi: 10.1242/10.1242/jcs.00798
Research Article |
Department of Medical Genetics and Microbiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8
* Author for correspondence (e-mail: andrew.wilde{at}utoronto.ca)
Accepted 24 July 2003
Ran, a GTPase in the Ras superfamily, is proposed to be a spatial regulator of microtubule spindle assembly by maintaining key spindle assembly factors in an active state close to chromatin. RanGTP is hypothesized to maintain the spindle assembly factors in the active state by binding to importin ß, part of the nuclear transport receptor complex, thereby preventing the inhibitory binding of the nuclear transport receptors to spindle assembly factors. To directly test this hypothesis, two putative downstream targets of the Ran spindle assembly pathway, TPX2, a protein required for correct spindle assembly and Kid, a chromokinesin involved in chromosome arm orientation on the spindle, were analyzed to determine if their direct binding to nuclear transport receptors inhibited their function. In the amino-terminal domain of TPX2 we identified nuclear targeting information, microtubule-binding and Aurora A binding activities. Nuclear transport receptor binding to TPX2 inhibited Aurora A binding activity but not the microtubule-binding activity of TPX2. Inhibition of the interaction between TPX2 and Aurora A prevented Aurora A activation and recruitment to microtubules. In addition we identified nuclear targeting information in both the amino-terminal microtubule-binding domain and the carboxy-terminal DNA binding domain of Kid. However, the binding of nuclear transport receptors to Kid only inhibited the microtubule-binding activity of Kid. Therefore, by regulating a subset of TPX2 and Kid activities, Ran modulates at least two processes involved in spindle assembly.
Key words: Mitosis, Microtubules, Spindle assembly
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