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First published online 11 May 2004
doi: 10.1242/jcs.01113

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EBV attachment stimulates FHOS/FHOD1 redistribution and co-aggregation with CD21: formin interactions with the cytoplasmic domain of human CD21

Michael B. Gill^1,2,5,*, Jennifer Roecklein-Canfield^1,*, David R. Sage^1,2, Maria Zambela-Soediono¹, Nina Longtine^4,5, Marc Uknis³ and Joyce D. Fingeroth^1,2,5,

¹ Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
² Division of Experimental Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
³ Division of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
⁴ Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
⁵ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA

Author for correspondence (e-mail: jfingero{at}bidmc.harvard.edu)

Accepted 20 January 2004

CD21 is a multifunctional receptor for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), for C3dg and for CD23. Upon engagement of immune complexes CD21 modulates immunoreceptor signaling, linking innate and adaptive immune responses. The mechanisms enabling CD21 to independently relay information between the exterior and interior of the cell, however, remain unresolved. We show that formin homologue overexpressed in spleen (FHOS/FHOD1) binds the cytoplasmic domain of human CD21 through its C terminus. When expressed in cells, EGFP-FHOS localizes to the cytoplasm and accumulates with actin in membrane protrusions. Plasma membrane aggregation, redistribution and co-localization of both proteins are stimulated when EBV (ligand) binds CD21. Though widely expressed, FHOS RNA is most abundant in the littoral cell, a major constituent of the red pulp of human spleen believed to function in antigen filtration. Formins are molecular scaffolds that nucleate actin by a pathway distinct from Arp2/3 complex, linking signal transduction to actin reorganization and gene transcription. Thus, ligand stimulation of FHOS-CD21 interaction may transmit signals through promotion of cytoskeletal rearrangement. Moreover, formin recruitment to sites of actin assembly initiated by immunoreceptors could be a general mechanism whereby co-receptors such as CD21 modulate intracellular signaling.

Key words: Formin, CD21, Splenic littoral cell, Epstein-Barr virus, Actin cytoskeleton

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