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First published online 31 August 2004
doi: 10.1242/jcs.01360

Journal of Cell Science 117, 4807-4818 (2004)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2004
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Research Article

Arabidopsis VARIEGATED 3 encodes a chloroplast-targeted, zinc-finger protein required for chloroplast and palisade cell development

Henrik Næsted1, Agnethe Holm1, Tom Jenkins1, H. Bjørn Nielsen2, Cassandra A. Harris3, Michael H. Beale3, Mathias Andersen4, Alexandra Mant5, Henrik Scheller5, Bilal Camara6, Ole Mattsson1 and John Mundy1,*

1 Institute of Molecular Biology, Copenhagen University, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, 1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark
2 BioCentrum, Technical University of Denmark, Building 208, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
3 Long Ashton Research Station, University of Bristol, Weston Road, Bristol, BS41 9AF, UK
4 Research Center Foulum, PO Box 50, 8839 Tjele, Denmark
5 Institute of Plant Biology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
6 CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moleculaire, Rue de General Zimmer 12, 67084 Strasbourg, France

* Author for correspondence (e-mail: mundy{at}biobase.dk)

Accepted 14 June 2004

The stable, recessive Arabidopsis variegated 3 (var3) mutant exhibits a variegated phenotype due to somatic areas lacking or containing developmentally retarded chloroplasts and greatly reduced numbers of palisade cells. The VAR3 gene, isolated by transposon tagging, encodes the 85.9 kDa VAR3 protein containing novel repeats and zinc fingers described as protein interaction domains. VAR3 interacts specifically in yeast and in vitro with NCED4, a putative polyene chain or carotenoid dioxygenase, and both VAR3 and NCED4 accumulate in the chloroplast stroma. Metabolic profiling demonstrates that pigment profiles are qualitatively similar in wild type and var3, although var3 accumulates lower levels of chlorophylls and carotenoids. These results indicate that VAR3 is a part of a protein complex required for normal chloroplast and palisade cell development.

Key words: VAR3, NCED4, Transposon tagging, Chloroplast development, Stromal subcellular localization


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