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First published online 2 November 2004
doi: 10.1242/jcs.01514

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Accumulation of type IV collagen in dilated ER leads to apoptosis in Hsp47-knockout mouse embryos via induction of CHOP

¹ Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and CREST/JST, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8397, Japan
² Department of Cell Biology, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
³ Institute for Molecular Science of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan

^* Author for correspondence (e-mail: nagata{at}frontier.kyoto-u.ac.jp)

Accepted 25 August 2004

Hsp47 is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident molecular chaperone that is specific for collagen. In Hsp47^–/– mouse embryos at 9.5 days postcoitus (dpc), immunostaining indicated the absence of type IV collagen, but not of laminin and nidogen-1, in the basement membrane (BM). Electron immunomicroscopy revealed accumulation of type IV collagen in dilated ERs, but not in the BM of Hsp47^–/– embryos, whereas it was only present in the BM in Hsp47^+/+ embryos. The BM structures stained with anti-laminin and anti-nidogen-1 antibody became disrupted in Hsp47^–/– embryos at 10.5 dpc. Thus, in the absence of type IV collagen in the BM owing to the lack of Hsp47, the structure of the BM cannot be maintained during the dramatic morphological changes that take place around 10.5 dpc. Type IV collagen is therefore indispensable for the maintenance of BM structures during the late-stage development of mouse embryos, although not essential for the initial formation of the BM. Just before the death of Hsp47^–/– embryos, DNA fragmentation typical of apoptosis was observed at 10.5 dpc together with significantly upregulated CHOP mRNA expression. ER stress caused by the accumulation of misfolded collagen may have induced apoptosis in Hsp47-knockout embryos through the upregulation of CHOP.

Key words: Apoptosis, Basement membrane, CHOP, Hsp47, Molecular chaperone, Type IV collagen

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