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First published online August 16, 2005
doi: 10.1242/10.1242/jcs.02532
Commentary |
1 Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-3498, USA
2 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Place, M638a DeBakey, Houston, TX 77030, USA
Author for correspondence (e-mail: jrosen{at}bcm.edu)
Mammary gland stem cells are a quiescent and self-renewing population within the mammary gland that are capable of giving rise to the differentiated ductal, alveolar and myoepithelial cells. To identify mammary gland stem cells, several investigators have employed a variety of methods including: non-adherent mammosphere cultures; 5-bromo-2-deoxy-uridine (BrdU) label-retention studies; cell-surface markers, such as Sca1 and CD49f; and Hoechst dye efflux. These methods have helped identify and further characterize signal transduction pathways such as the Notch, Wnt and Hedgehog pathways that may be important for the self-renewal and fate determination of mammary gland stem cells. Stem cells within the mammary gland have been proposed to underpin many types of breast cancer. A better understanding of the signal transduction pathways and the molecules that are responsible for the self-renewal and survival of these cells will be essential in the design of more effective therapies aimed at the eradication of both cancer-initiating cells and breast cancer stem cells.
Key words: SP, Sca1, LRC, Stem cells, 
6-integrin, ER
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