|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Home Help Feedback Subscriptions Archive Search Table of Contents | |||||
First published online July 5, 2006
doi: 10.1242/10.1242/jcs.03062
Commentary |
Department of Pharmacology, Chemotherapy and Medical Toxicology, School of Medicine, Milan University, via Vanvitelli, 32, 20129 Milan, and Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Spagnoletto, 3, 20149 Milan, Italy
* Author for correspondence (e-mail: enzo.nisoli{at}unimi.it)
Accepted 22 May 2006
The characteristic structural organization of mitochondria is the product of synthesis of macromolecules within the mitochondria together with the import of proteins and lipids synthesized outside the organelle. Synthetic and import processes are required for mitochondrial proliferation and might also facilitate the growth of pre-existing mitochondria. Recent evidence indicates that these events are regulated in a complex way by several agonists and environmental conditions, through activation of specific signaling pathways and transcription factors. A newly discovered role of this organelle in retrograde intracellular signaling back to the nucleus has also emerged. This is likely to have far-reaching implications in development, aging, disease and environmental adaptation. Generation of nitric oxide (NO) appears to be an important player in these processes, possibly acting as a unifying molecular switch to trigger the whole mitochondrial biogenesis process. High levels of NO acutely inhibit cell respiration by binding to cytochrome c oxidase. Conversely, chronic, smaller increases in NO levels stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis in diverse cell types. NO-induced mitochondrial biogenesis seems to be linked to proliferation and differentiation of normal and tumor cells, as well as in aging.
Key words: Nitric oxide, Mitochondrial biogenesis, Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor 
coactivator 1
, Aging
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  L. Tedesco, A. Valerio, C. Cervino, A. Cardile, C. Pagano, R. Vettor, R. Pasquali, M. O. Carruba, G. Marsicano, B. Lutz, et al. Cannabinoid Type 1 Receptor Blockade Promotes Mitochondrial Biogenesis Through Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in White Adipocytes Diabetes, August 1, 2008; 57(8): 2028 - 2036. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. H. Elsasser, T. J. Caperna, C-J. Li, S. Kahl, and J. L. Sartin Critical control points in the impact of the proinflammatory immune response on growth and metabolism J Anim Sci, April 1, 2008; 86(14_suppl): E105 - E125. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Navarro, J. M. Lopez-Cepero, M. J. Bandez, M.-J. Sanchez-Pino, C. Gomez, E. Cadenas, and A. Boveris Hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction in rat aging Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, February 1, 2008; 294(2): R501 - R509. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. A. Blaise, J.-M. Alberto, S. Audonnet-Blaise, J.-L. Gueant, and J.-L. Daval Influence of preconditioning-like hypoxia on the liver of developing methyl-deficient rats Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, December 1, 2007; 293(6): E1492 - E1502. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. W. Haden, H. B. Suliman, M. S. Carraway, K. E. Welty-Wolf, A. S. Ali, H. Shitara, H. Yonekawa, and C. A. Piantadosi Mitochondrial Biogenesis Restores Oxidative Metabolism during Staphylococcus aureus Sepsis Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., October 15, 2007; 176(8): 768 - 777. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. B. Suliman, M. S. Carraway, L. G. Tatro, and C. A. Piantadosi A new activating role for CO in cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis J. Cell Sci., January 15, 2007; 120(2): 299 - 308. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. L. Navarro, P. Cau, and N. Levy Molecular bases of progeroid syndromes Hum. Mol. Genet., October 15, 2006; 15(suppl_2): R151 - R161. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
