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First published online 4 July 2006
doi: 10.1242/jcs.03046

Journal of Cell Science 119, 3047-3056 (2006)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2006
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Research Article

Novel function of ß-arrestin2 in the nucleus of mature spermatozoa

Eva M. Neuhaus1,*,{ddagger}, Anastasia Mashukova1,*, Jon Barbour1, Dirk Wolters2 and Hanns Hatt1

1 Department of Cell Physiology, Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Universitaetsstr. 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
2 Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Universitaetsstr. 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany

{ddagger} Author for correspondence (e-mail: eva.neuhaus{at}rub.de)

Accepted 11 May 2006

A growing number of proteins originally found in endocytic structures of the plasma membrane appear to be able to traffic into the nucleus, but the cellular function of this translocation remains unclear. We have found that ß-arrestin2, which typically shows a cytoplasmic localization owing to constitutive nuclear export, appears in the nucleus after stimulation of the G-protein-coupled odorant receptor hOR17-4. In the nucleus, ß-arrestin2 was involved in transcriptional regulation as shown by a Gal4-based transactivation assay. Moreover, we discovered that ß-arrestin2 and hOR17-4, a receptor known to have a role in sperm-egg communication, colocalize in the midpiece of mature human spermatozoa. Stimulation of hOR17-4 in spermatozoa induced PKA-dependent translocation of ß-arrestin2 to the nucleus and nuclear accumulation of phosphorylated MAPKs. Analysis of the interaction partners of ß-arrestin2 indicates that odorant receptor signaling in spermatozoa may be important for the regulation of gene expression during the early processes of fertilization.

Key words: Olfactory receptor, Fertilization, Spermatozoa, ß-arrestin2


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