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First published online 21 February 2006
doi: 10.1242/jcs.02795

Journal of Cell Science 119, 1016-1025 (2006)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2006
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Research Article

The pH of the digestive vacuole of Plasmodium falciparum is not associated with chloroquine resistance

Rhys Hayward1, Kevin J. Saliba1,2 and Kiaran Kirk1,*

1 School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
2 Medical School, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia

* Author for correspondence (e-mail: Kiaran.Kirk{at}anu.edu.au)

Accepted 15 November 2005

Chloroquine resistance in the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, arises from decreased accumulation of the drug in the `digestive vacuole' of the parasite, an acidic compartment in which chloroquine exerts its primary toxic effect. It has been proposed that changes in the pH of the digestive vacuole might underlie the decreased accumulation of chloroquine by chloroquine-resistant parasites. In this study we have investigated the digestive vacuole pH of a chloroquine-sensitive and a chloroquine-resistant strain of P. falciparum, using a range of dextran-linked pH-sensitive fluorescent dyes. The estimated digestive vacuole pH varied with the concentration and pKa of the dye, ranging from ~3.7-6.5. However, at low dye concentrations the estimated digestive vacuole pH of both the chloroquine-resistant and chloroquine-sensitive strains converged in the range 4.5-4.9. The results suggest that there is no significant difference in digestive vacuole pH of chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant parasites, and that digestive vacuole pH does not play a primary role in chloroquine resistance.

Key words: Chloroquine, Chloroquine resistance, Lysosome, Haem


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