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First published online 28 August 2007
doi: 10.1242/jcs.011098

Journal of Cell Science 120, 3271-3278 (2007)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2007
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Research Article

Antagonistic action of harpin proteins: HrpWea from Erwinia amylovora suppresses HrpNea-induced cell death in Arabidopsis thaliana

David Reboutier1,2, Cécile Frankart1, Joël Briand1, Bernadette Biligui1, Jean-Pierre Rona1, Minna Haapalainen3, Marie-Anne Barny2 and François Bouteau1,*

1 LEM, EA 3514, Université Paris Diderot, Case 7069, 2 place Jussieu, 75251 Paris cedex 5, France
2 Laboratoire de Pathologie Végétale, UMR 217 INRA-INA-Paris VI, INA-PG, 16 rue Claude Bernard, 75231 Paris cedex 5, France
3 General Microbiology, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, P.O.B. 56, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland

* Author for correspondence (e-mail: francois.bouteau{at}univ-paris-diderot.fr)

Accepted 3 July 2007

Harpins are proteins secreted by the type-three secretion system of phytopathogenic bacteria. They are known to induce a hypersensitive response (HR) in non-host plant leaf tissue. Erwinia amylovora, the fire blight pathogen of pear and apple trees, secretes two different harpins, HrpNea and HrpWea. In the present study, we showed that an Erwinia amylovora hrpWea mutant induces stronger electrolyte leakages in Arabidopsis thaliana foliar disks than the wild-type strain, thus suggesting that HrpWea could function as a HR negative modulator. We confirmed this result by using purified HrpWea and HrpNea. HrpWea has dual effects depending on its concentration. At 200 nM, HrpWea, like HrpNea, provoked the classical defense response – active oxygen species (AOS) production and cell death. However, at 0.2 nM, HrpWea inhibited cell death and AOS production provoked by HrpNea. HrpWea probably inhibits HrpNea-induced cell death by preventing anion channel inhibition, confirming that anion channel regulation is a determinant feature of the plant response to harpins. Collectively our data show that the HrpWea harpin can act antagonistically to the classical HrpNea harpin by suppressing plant defense mechanisms.

Key words: Arabidopsis, Cell death, Harpin, Ion channel, Plant-microbe interaction




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