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First published online 9 December 2008
doi: 10.1242/jcs.035873

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Moesin is required for HIV-1-induced CD4-CXCR4 interaction, F-actin redistribution, membrane fusion and viral infection in lymphocytes

Marta Barrero-Villar^1,*, José Román Cabrero^1,*, Mónica Gordón-Alonso¹, Jonathan Barroso-González², Susana Álvarez-Losada³, M. Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández³, Francisco Sánchez-Madrid^1, and Agustín Valenzuela-Fernández^1,2

¹ Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
² Departamento de Medicina Física y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain
³ Servicio de Inmuno-Biología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain

Author for correspondence (e-mail: fsanchez.hlpr{at}salud.madrid.org)

Accepted 6 October 2008

The human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) envelope regulates the initial attachment of viral particles to target cells through its association with CD4 and either CXCR4 or CCR5. Although F-actin is required for CD4 and CXCR4 redistribution, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying this fundamental process in HIV infection. Using CD4⁺ CXCR4⁺ permissive human leukemic CEM T cells and primary lymphocytes, we have investigated whether HIV-1 Env might promote viral entry and infection by activating ERM (ezrin-radixin-moesin) proteins to regulate F-actin reorganization and CD4/CXCR4 co-clustering. The interaction of the X4-tropic protein HIV-1 gp120 with CD4 augments ezrin and moesin phosphorylation in human permissive T cells, thereby regulating ezrin-moesin activation. Moreover, the association and clustering of CD4-CXCR4 induced by HIV-1 gp120 requires moesin-mediated anchoring of actin in the plasma membrane. Suppression of moesin expression with dominant-negative N-moesin or specific moesin silencing impedes reorganization of F-actin and HIV-1 entry and infection mediated by the HIV-1 envelope protein complex. Therefore, we propose that activated moesin promotes F-actin redistribution and CD4-CXCR4 clustering and is also required for efficient X4-tropic HIV-1 infection in permissive lymphocytes.

Key words: ERM, Ezrin-radixin-moesin, F-actin redistribution, CD4-CXCR4 interaction, HIV-1 infection and entry

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