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First published online December 31, 2008
doi: 10.1242/10.1242/jcs.035246

Journal of Cell Science 122, 227-232 (2009)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2009
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Short Report

Mice that lack activity of {alpha}vβ6- and {alpha}vβ8-integrins reproduce the abnormalities of Tgfb1- and Tgfb3-null mice

Poshala Aluwihare1, Zhenyu Mu1, Zhicheng Zhao1, Dawen Yu1, Paul H. Weinreb2, Gerald S. Horan2, Shelia M. Violette2 and John S. Munger1,*

1 Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
2 Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA

* Author for correspondence (e-mail: john.munger{at}nyumc.org)

Accepted 14 September 2008

Summary

The arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD)-binding integrins {alpha}vβ6 and {alpha}vβ8 activate latent TGFβ1 and TGFβ3 in vivo, but it is uncertain whether other RGD-binding integrins such as integrins {alpha}vβ5 and {alpha}vβ3 activate these TGFβ isoforms. To define the combined role of {alpha}vβ6- and {alpha}vβ8-integrin in TGFβ activation, we analyzed mice lacking function of both integrins by means of gene deletion and/or pharmacologic inhibition. Most Itgb6–/–;Itgb8–/– embryos die at mid-gestation; those that survive develop cleft palate–as observed in Tgfb3–/– mice. Itgb8–/– mice treated with an anti-{alpha}vβ6-integrin antibody develop severe autoimmunity and lack Langerhans cells–similar to Tgfb1-null mice. These results support a model in which TGFβ3-mediated palate fusion and TGFβ1-mediated suppression of autoimmunity and generation of Langerhans cells require integrins {alpha}vβ6 and {alpha}vβ8 but not other RGD-binding integrins as TGFβ activators.

Key words: Autoimmunity, Integrins, Langerhans cells, Palate fusion, TGFb


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