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JCS ePress online publication date 22 Dec 2004
doi: 10.1242/jcs.01623

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Research Article

A specific {alpha}5{beta}1-integrin conformation promotes directional integrin translocation and fibronectin matrix formation


Katherine Clark, Roumen Pankov, Mark A. Travis, Janet A. Askari, A. Paul Mould, Susan E. Craig, Peter Newham, Kenneth M. Yamada, and Martin J. Humphries*
* Author for correspondence (e-mail: martin.humphries{at}man.ac.uk)

Integrin adhesion receptors are structurally dynamic proteins that adopt a number of functionally relevant conformations. We have produced a conformation-dependent anti-{alpha}5 monoclonal antibody (SNAKA51) that converts {alpha}5{beta}1 integrin into a ligand-competent form and promotes fibronectin binding. In adherent fibroblasts, SNAKA51 preferentially bound to integrins in fibrillar adhesions. Clustering of integrins expressing this activation epitope induced directional translocation of {alpha}5{beta}1, mimicking fibrillar adhesion formation. Priming of {alpha}5{beta}1 integrin by SNAKA51 increased the accumulation of detergent-resistant fibronectin in the extracellular matrix, thus identifying an integrin conformation that promotes matrix assembly. The SNAKA51 epitope was mapped to the calf-1/calf-2 domains. We propose that the action of the antibody causes the legs of the integrin to change conformation and thereby primes the integrin to bind ligand. These findings identify SNAKA51 as the first anti-integrin antibody to selectively recognize a subset of adhesion contacts, and they identify an integrin conformation associated with integrin translocation and fibronectin matrix formation.
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