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First published online February 23, 2005
doi: 10.1242/10.1242/jcs.01700

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PML bodies: a meeting place for genomic loci?

Programme in Cell Biology, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada

View larger version (113K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. PML bodies make contact with the chromatin. SK-N-SH cells were fluorescently labeled for PML protein, embedded and physically sectioned to 70 nm. (A) Fluorescence image of the 70 nm section (PML bodies in yellow). (B) Low magnification phosphorus maps were obtained by electron spectroscopic imaging (ESI). (C) Composite of the fluorescence and ESI image marking the position of PML bodies in the 70 nm section. The inset region indicates the area of the cell imaged at higher magnification. (D) High-magnification phosphorous map. (E) High-magnification nitrogen map. (F) Merge of the nitrogen and phosphorous maps. Structures comprising protein alone are blue and nucleic-acid-based structures are yellow. Arrowheads indicate protein contacts between the PML body and chromatin fibers. The arrows indicate chromatin contacts with the PML body. These chromatin contacts might be responsible for the positional stability of the body over time.

View larger version (36K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Development of the immediate transcript environment. (A) The viral genome enters the nucleus. (B) The viral genome is then deposited between a PML body and an SC35 domain, and early transcripts are produced. (C) IE72 is then translated and localizes to the PML body, whereas IE86 is localized between the PML body and SC35 domain. (D) The PML body is disrupted by IE72. (E) The viral transcripts are processed in the SC35 domain. (F) The mature viral transcripts leave the SC35 domain. Adapted from (Ishov et al., 1997).

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Schematic representation of PML bodies in the nucleoplasm. PML bodies consist of smaller PML-containing subunits that interact with high-order chromatin fibers possibly through MARs. PML bodies function to control the concentration of transcriptional activators and repressors within the local chromatin environment. Upon stimulation of cellular pathways, these factors are released from PML bodies and bind enhancer/promoter elements in the surrounding chromatin. Upon infection with double-stranded DNA viruses such as HCMV, viral genomes localize to the surface of PML bodies. This targeting is mediated through cellular factors such as Daxx, which are normally associated with PML bodies, and viral tegument proteins, such as pp71.

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