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Real-time imaging of cell-cell adherens junctions reveals that Drosophila mesoderm invagination begins with two phases of apical constriction of cells

Hiroki Oda¹ and Shoichiro Tsukita²

¹Tsukita Cell Axis Project, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Kyoto Research Park, Chudoji Minami-machi, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto 600-8813, Japan
²Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan

A series of images showing mesoderm invagination in Drosophila gastrulation. A living ubi-DE-cad-GFP embryo, in which cell-cell adherens junctions were fluorescently visualized, was observed by low-light video microscopy. Images were selected at 20-second intervals, and compiled. See also Fig. 3. Note that time point 0:02:00 (hours: minutes: seconds) in this movie corresponds to time point 0 in Fig. 3.

A series of magnified images showing the shape changes of the mesodermal cells. This movie was derived from the same set of data as those used for Movie 1. Images were selected at 5-second intervals, and compiled. See also Fig. 4. Note that time point 0:02:00 (hours: minutes: seconds) in this movie corresponds to time point 0 in Fig. 4.

A series of confocal images showing defective cell behavior in the prospective mesoderm of a fog mutant embryo. A living fog mutant embryo bearing ubi-DE-cad-GFP (fog/Y; ubi-DE-cad-GFP) was observed by time-lapse confocal microscopy. Images were selected at 20-second intervals, and compiled. See also Fig. 5A and compare this movie with Movies 1 and 4. Note that time point 0:02:00 (hours: minutes: seconds) in this movie corresponds to time point 0 in Fig. 5A.

A series of confocal images showing normal cell behavior in the prospective mesoderm of an embryo with the genotype of either fog/FM7 or FM7/Y; ubi-DE-cad-GFP. Images were selected at 20-second intervals, and compiled. See also Fig. 5B. Note that time point 0:02:00 (hours: minutes: seconds) in this movie corresponds to time point 0 in Fig. 5B.

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