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Death and depolarization

Defining the precise sequence of events that occur during apoptosis is an important but yet-to-be-realized goal of cell death research. For example, permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane is known to lead to release of cytochrome c (cytC) from mitochondria, apoptosome formation and activation of effector caspases, but how and when cellular bioenergetics is affected is still debated. Jochen Prehn and co-workers have therefore analysed mitochondrial and plasma membrane depolarization during apoptosis of cells expressing GFP-cytC fusion proteins, using time-lapse confocal fluorescence microscopy (see p. 525). They find that following cytC release mitochondria rapidly depolarize — but not completely. The organelles establish a new steady-state potential, which appears to be maintained by reversal of the F_oF₁-ATPase since it can be abolished by oligomycin. The authors observe that the initial mitochondrial depolarization is coupled to depolarization of the plasma membrane. Furthermore, they demonstrate that, unlike mitochondrial depolarization, the latter requires caspases and is associated with degradation of the plasma membrane Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase. The authors' findings thus illuminate not only the sequence of events in mitochondria but also how they influence what happens at the plasma membrane during cell death.

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Outer mitochondrial membrane permeabilization during apoptosis triggers caspase-independent mitochondrial and caspase-dependent plasma membrane potential depolarization: a single-cell analysis

Heiko Düßmann, Markus Rehm, Donat Kögel, and Jochen H. M. Prehn
JCS 2003 116: 525-536. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

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This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Related articles in JCS Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Search for Related Content