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Exporting RNA

Nuclear export — and import — of proteins generally involves the karyopherin family of transport receptors and depends on the gradient of GTP-bound Ran set up across the nuclear envelope. But RNAs that function in the cytoplasm must also be exported. Do they use the same machinery? In a Commentary on p. 587, Bryan Cullen reviews work that has shown that in fact a variety of RNA export mechanisms exist — some karyopherin based, some not. Early analyses of retroviral RNA export indicated that these RNAs bind to adaptor proteins (e.g. HIV-1 Rev) that interact with the karyopherin Crm1, and subsequent work has revealed that Crm1 mediates Ran-dependent export of adaptor-bound snRNAs, rRNAs and certain mRNAs. tRNA export also seems to be Ran dependent, relying on the karyopherin Exp-t, which binds directly to tRNAs. Export of most mRNAs, by contrast, does not involve karyopherins or Ran. Instead these RNAs bind to a protein termed Tap (Mex67p in yeast), which, together with Nxt (Mtr2p), binds directly to nuclear pore components. A common feature of all these mechanisms, however, is the assembly of RNA into RNP complexes, which probably acts as an important proofreading mechanism.

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Nuclear RNA export

Bryan R. Cullen
JCS 2003 116: 587-597. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Related articles in JCS Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Search for Related Content Social Bookmarking                         What's this?