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Fig. 6. Model for the regulation of Ca²⁺ oscillations during the first cell cycle. Model whereby PLC ${zeta}$ (green) is introduced from the sperm into the egg upon fusion. Long-lasting Ca²⁺ oscillations are maintained while PLC ${zeta}$ remains in the cytosol. During the initial phase of Ca²⁺ oscillations there is downregulation of InsP₃ receptors and a change in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER): a decrease in cortical clusters. Both of these changes may lead to a change in the early phase of Ca²⁺ oscillations. When the pronuclei form, indicating the start of interphase, PLC ${zeta}$ is transported into the nucleoplasm of the pronuclei terminating the Ca²⁺ oscillations. No further increases in Ca²⁺ are observed until the nuclear membranes breakdown upon mitosis entry, releasing PLC ${zeta}$ back into the cytosol. Again, Ca²⁺ oscillations are sustained until the nuclear membranes reform in the two daughter cells and PLC ${zeta}$ is imported into the nuclei.

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