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Fig. 4. In vivo delivery of FIV lentiviral vectors. (A-E) Brain slices of mice intracerebrally injected with FIV lentiviral vectors carrying the ß-galactosidase gene after X-Gal staining (blue coloration) 1 week after injection. (A, B) According to the site of injection (red arrow), the blue coloration was observed in the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus. (C-E) X-Gal staining was also observed along the needle passage: (C) the cortex as well as in the fibers of the corpus callosum, (D) the wall of the ventricules and (E) the anteroventral thalamic nucleus. (F-K) After intraventricular injection, close immunohistochemical examination using anti-ß-galactosidase antibody, allowed the detection of the ß-galactosidase expression (red staining) 3 weeks after injection in (I) the cortex, (J) the striatum, and (K) the cerebellum. No staining was observed in non-injected mice used as control. F, cortex, G, striatum, H, cerebellum). (L-Q) Sections of spleen and liver from intravenously injected mice were analysed by immunocytochemistry. Positive cells were detected in the vicinity of the blood vessels, in (M-N) the spleen, (Q) the liver and (P) some isolated cells in the liver. No staining was observed in non-injected mice (L, spleen; O, Liver). (Cx, cortex; Hp, hippocampus; MDTh, mediodorsal thalamic nucleus; CC, corpus callosum; LV, lateral ventricule; vhc, ventral hippocampal commissure; AV Th, anteroventral thalamic nucleus; BV, blood vessel. Scale bars in A-E, 1 mm; in F-N, 10 µm.