QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s):
Home     Help     Feedback     Subscriptions     Archive     Search     Table of Contents

Help viewing high resolution images Return to article

Fig. 3. Amplification of cortical polarity after fertilization (first major phase). (A1-C3) Zygotes and cortices during the contraction wave (see Movie 4 in supplementary material). (A1-A4) Confocal subcortical sections (3 µm from surface) of a zygote during the fertilization contraction wave, showing the distribution of cER network and mitochondria-rich subcortical domain (myoplasm). (B) Confocal equatorial section (35 µm from surface) of Ci-PEM1 RNA fluorescent in situ localization (arrowheads). Dotted line marks the edge of zygote. (C1) Cortex isolated from the vegetal-pole region during the contraction. Merged images of cER (red) and microfilaments (green) show colocalization in yellow. The external dotted line shows the edge of cortex and the internal dotted line shows the area of the highest cER accumulation. (C2,C3) Enlarged views of the region boxed in C1 showing cER (C2, red) accumulation (arrowhead) and corresponding microfilaments (C3, green). (D1-J1) Zygotes and cortices at the end of the contraction wave. (D1,D2) Confocal cortical to subcortical section (1 µm to 3-4 µm from the surface). (Insert) Merged image of cER (red) and mitochondria (green) in the vegetal/contraction pole region. (E) Cortical section of the vegetal/contraction pole and future dorsal pole of the embryo (cp/d) after a double labelling for cER (red) and mitochondria (green). (F1,F2) Equatorial (F1, 40 µm from surface) and surface (F2) sections of the vegetal/contraction pole region after labelling surface sugars with fluorescent ConA. (G) Equatorial section (35 µm from surface) of Ci-PEM1 RNA fluorescent in situ localization signal (arrowheads). The dotted line marks the edge of zygote. (H) Merged image of a cortex triple labelled for cER (red), microfilaments (green) and microtubules (blue). The yellow area indicates the vegetal/contraction pole (cp/d) area, which is rich in both cER and microfilaments. sa, sperm aster. (I1,I2) Detail of microtubules (MT) of a sperm aster (I2). This area corresponds to an accumulation of ER in the cortex (I1). (J1,J2) Detail of a cortex isolated from the vegetal/contraction pole double labelled for cER (J1) and surface sugars (J2). Whole-zygote confocal sections are from Ciona and cortices are from Phallusia zygotes. Dotted line indicates the border of the vegetal/contraction pole.

Return to article