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Fig. 6. Metabolic pathways implicated in potentiating COX-2 expression in neutrophils following A2A receptor activation. (A) PMNs were stimulated with fMLP (upper) or LPS (lower) in the presence of ADA and of CGS 21680 (A2AR agonist), alone or in combination with indicated metabolic inhibitors. Samples were processed for the determination of COX-2 by western immunoblotting. Bar graphs depict the expression of COX-2 protein levels, relative to those observed in PMNs stimulated in absence of metabolic inhibitors (solid black bars), as determined by densitometric analysis of the bands in three independent experiments (mean±s.e.m.; n=3). (B, C) PMNs were stimulated with fMLP (B) of LPS (C), in combination either with a membrane-permeable cAMP analog, Sp-cAMPs-am (upper), or with a mixture of an activator of adenylyl cyclase and an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase IV, RO-20-1724 and forskolin; 50 µM and 10 µM, respectively (lower), alone or in combination with the indicated metabolic inhibitors. Bar graphs depict the expression of COX-2 protein levels, relative to that observed in PMNs stimulated in absence of metabolic inhibitors, as determined by densitometric analysis of the bands in three independent experiments (mean±s.e.m.; n=3). In each panel, one typical immunoblot is shown and is representative of at least n=3 independent experiments performed in identical conditions with different donors. *Statistically different from cells treated with stimulus+ADA+cAMP-elevating agents.