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Fig. 1. Effects of store Ca²⁺ ATPase inhibitors on resting [Ca²⁺]_i in human sperm populations loaded with Fura-2. Horizontal axes in all traces show time in minutes. (A) Main trace shows effect of sequential additions of 1 µM and 10 µM (total final concentration) thapsigargin (arrows). 10 µM thapsigargin regularly caused a sustained increase in [Ca²⁺]_i of 100-300 nM. In most experiments 1 µM thapsigargin had no discernible effect or apparently caused a slight fall in [Ca²⁺]_i (inset). Occasionally we saw a small sustained increase of 20-30 nM and/or (in two experiments) a small (10-20 nM) transient increase in [Ca²⁺]_i as shown here. (B) treatment of cell populations with 10 µM and 40 µM (total final concentration) bis-phenol (arrows) caused a dose-dependent, sustained increase in [Ca²⁺]_i; the first application usually inducing an initial transient elevation of [Ca²⁺]_i lasting 1-2 minutes. (C) A normal response to 10 µM and 40 µM bis-phenol was seen in cell suspensions that generated no elevation of [Ca²⁺]_i (or a transient decrease) in response to 1 µM thapsigargin. Arrows indicate times of drug additions.

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