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Fig. 3. Antioxidants lower TGFß1-initiated lipid peroxidation. (A) Subconfluent HDFs were cultured in CMHDF and either untreated or pretreated for 24 hours with 50 µM Trolox or 10 µM BHT before addition of 10 ng/ml rTGFß1. TGFß1 and the antioxidants were present for an additional 48 hours. The cell lysates were assayed by western blotting for
SMA. The experiments were performed in triplicate. (B) Time-course analysis of rTGFß1-treated HDFs. At the indicated time points, cell lysates were prepared and the content of intracellular LOOH determined. FeSO4 and Asc2P were used as a positive control. The data represent the mean ± s.e.m. of four independent experiments. **P<0.01 versus mock-treated controls (C) (ANOVA, Dunnett's test). (C,D) Subconfluent HDFs were incubated as described in Fig. 2A and Fig. 3A before treatment with 10 ng/ml rTGFß1 for an additional 1 hour (see C) or 2 hours (see D) in the presence of the antioxidants. Cell lysates were prepared and subjected to LOOH measurements (see C) or detection of conjugated dienes (see D). Three independent experiments were performed. **P<0.01 (C) and *P<0.05 (D) versus rTGFß1-treated cells (ANOVA, Dunnett's test).