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Fig. 8. Model for the integration of opsin TMs1-4. A schematic version of the view from the cytosolic face of the ER membrane showing the presumptive `open' conformation of the Sec61 translocon is presented, based on the structure of the archaeal complex (Van den Berg et al., 2004). Only the 
and ß subunits of the complex are represented because these are the components that can be crosslinked to various opsin integration intermediates, whereas the PAT-10 protein is as previously described (Meacock et al., 2002). Phase I crosslinking to Sec61 is equivalent to the point where adducts with Sec61 and Sec61ß are seen. Phase II crosslinking is displayed by TM1 and represents specific adducts with Sec61 that appear after initial exit from the Sec61 complex. The relative location of each TM (numbered circle) is indicated at different stages of the integration process as deduced from the crosslinking patterns of specific integration intermediates. The fates of TM1 and TM3 when synthesised in the absence of the respective C-terminal TMs of the wild-type opsin chain are also illustrated.
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