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Fig. 8. Schematic model of Ca²⁺ signalling in pancreatic acinar cells highlighting the two Ca²⁺ stores in the apical pole. Any of the three Ca²⁺ releasing messengers tested, IP₃, cADPR or NAADP, can induce Ca²⁺ release from both the ER and the acidic Ca²⁺ store. IP₃ activates IP₃Rs in both stores, whereas cADPR and NAADP activate RyRs in both stores, but via separate binding sites and/or activation mechanisms. The reason for the preferential apical localization of the physiological cytosolic Ca²⁺ signals is most likely interaction between the two stores (which can of course only occur in the secretory granular area) as well as interaction between RyRs and IP₃Rs (most likely to occur in the secretory granule area, which has by far the highest concentration of IP₃Rs). CICR, Ca²⁺-induced Ca²⁺ release.

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