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Fig. 5. Depletion of lamin A/C specifically disperses the pore-free island. (A) Knockdown of lamin A/C by siRNA results in dispersal of the pore-free islands in HeLaS3 cells. Top panels, control cells (no RNA transfection) co-stained with nuclear pores (center) and lamin A/C (left). Bottom panels, siRNA-transfected cells co-stained with the same set of antibodies. Note that the pore-free islands in lamin A/C-depleted cells are significantly reduced. Lower images are enlarged images of a lamin A/C-reduced nucleus, showing a narrow region where residual lamin A/C has accumulated. This narrow region is almost completely devoid of nuclear pores. The histograms show DNA content of the control and knockdown cells, suggesting no significant difference in cell-cycle profile. (B) Knockdown of emerin in HeLaS3 cells. In contrast to the lamin A/C-depleted cells (A), the emerin-reduced cells still contain the large pore-free islands. This indicates that emerin itself is not directly involved in determining nuclear pore distribution.