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Fig. 2. GTP-bound R-Ras inhibits ephrin-induced COS cell retraction. (A,B) COS cells were transiently transfected with the indicated EGFP-tagged R-Ras constructs or the EGFP vector as a control. Cells were stimulated with ephrin-A1 Fc, ephrin-B1 Fc or Fc control and stained with rhodamine-phalloidin (red). (C,D) Histogram showing the percentage of transfected (EGFP-positive) cells that have spikes at the periphery, indicating cell retraction, in representative experiments. Cells expressing R-Ras38V or R-Ras38VY66F, which cannot hydrolyze GTP, do not retract in response to ephrin stimulation. (E) GTP-bound H-Ras does not inhibit ephrin-induced COS cell retraction. COS cells were transiently transfected with EGFP together with either constitutively active H-RasV12 or pcDNA3 as a control. Cells were stimulated and stained as in A and B. (F) Histogram as in C and D. Cells expressing H-RasV12 undergo peripheral retraction similar to control cells, in response to ephrin stimulation. Bars, 20 µm.