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Figure 1


Fig. 1. Collective inhibition of Rac, Rho and Cdc42 with toxin B attenuates cathodal growth cone steering by an EF. (A) Mean angle turned by growth cones during 5 hours. In the absence of an EF, growth cones migrate randomly (mean angle turned would be 0° for random migration) but, in an EF of 150 mV/mm, growth cones turn towards the cathode. Negative values indicate net cathodal deflection. The number of growth cones measured is in parentheses. The mean angle turned at 5 hours was compared with `no drug + EF' using a Student's two-tailed t test; TxB, toxin B; ###P<0.0001. (B) Percentage of growth cones (see A for total) that turn towards the cathode (filled bars) or anode (open bars) in 5 hours. The dotted line is the expected frequency for random orientation (33%). Asterisks compare cathodal or anodal frequencies with no drug + EF; ***P<0.001. (C) Mean rate of growth cone advance during 5 hours of EF exposure compared with no drug + EF (black bar) using a two-tailed Student's t test. ##P=0.002; ###P<0.0001. See A for number of growth cones. (D) Composite drawings made from images of individual, dissociated neurons at the end of a 5-hour experiment. Somas were superimposed at the coloured dot and the path of each neurite was traced. The EF vector is horizontal, with cathode at left and anode at right. Bar, 100 µm for all drawings. ns, not significant.





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