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Fig. 10. A model for the function of WAVE2 during cell-cell adhesion formation in MDCK cells. (1) Non-adherent cells form WAVE2-dependent lamellipodial protrusions at the cell periphery. Such membrane protrusions facilitate efficient formation of new cell-cell contacts. (2) Clusters of cadherin appear at the sites of cell-cell contact. After cells contact each other, lamellipodial activity continues to expand the cell-cell contact and fill any gaps between the cells. (3) As cadherin-dependent cell-cell adhesions develop, WAVE2 is recruited and makes new actin structures along the adhesion, thereby stabilizing the adhesions. (4) In subconfluent cell layers, lamellipodial protrusions are often observed at sites of cell-cell contact and increase the area of cell-cell contact. (5) In confluent cell layers, membrane protrusions are not observed by light microscopy and WAVE2 is concentrated at cell-cell adhesions. At the basal part of the lateral membrane, WAVE2-mediated actin assembly pushes the membrane and promotes formation of new cell-cell contacts.
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