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Fig. 6. Force-induced SMA promoter activity. (A) Rat-2 cells were co-transfected with a construct containing a SMA-promoter–luciferase construct and a β-gal vector as a loading control. Cells were stimulated with force over a time course of 30 minutes to 4 hours. In some experiments, inhibitors were included as indicated. Promoter activities are shown as fold change compared with basal promoter activity and are adjusted for loading based on the β-gal-control loading vector. The results are given as the mean ± s.d. and are derived from four replicates. For experiments with wild-type MRTF A, cells were transfected with the SMA-promoter–luciferase construct and then, 5 hours prior to luciferase activity assay, with the constitutively active MRTF A plasmid. (B) Immunoblots for FLAG show expression of dominant-negative FLAG-tagged MRTF A in cells co-transfected with SMA promoter constructs and dominant-negative MRTF A-FLAG.